Golang function custom implementation principle

In the Go language, the implementation principle of customizable functions is as follows: define function signature: func () assign function value: function as value A type that can be assigned to a variable, passed to, or returned. To call a function: use the function name enclosed in parentheses followed by the argument list. Practical case: Factorial calculation function: func factorial(n int) int If n == 0, return 1; otherwise, call itself recursively and return n * (n-1)!

Analysis of the principles of custom implementation of Go language functions

In the Go language, functions are the basic building blocks for organizing code and reusing functions. In addition to using built-in functions, we can also define our own custom functions. This article will delve into the principles of custom implementation of Go language functions and demonstrate it through practical cases.

Function definition

The function definition in Go language is as follows:

func <函数名>(<参数列表>) <返回值列表> {
    // 函数体
}

For example:

func sum(a, b int) int {
    return a + b
}

Function value

A function in the Go language is a value type that can be assigned to a variable, passed as a parameter, or return a result like other values. For example:

var add = func(x, y int) int {
    return x + y
}
fmt.Println(add(1, 2)) // 3

Function application

When calling a function, we use the function name enclosed in parentheses followed by the actual parameter list. The function will be executed and return a return value of the specified type. For example:

result := sum(10, 20)

Practical case: Calculating factorial

In order to further understand the custom implementation of the function, we write a function to calculate the factorial:

func factorial(n int) int {
    if n == 0 {
        return 1
    }
    return n * factorial(n-1)
}

This The function takes an integer argument n and returns 1 in the base case. Otherwise, it calls itself recursively and returns n multiplied by (n-1)! calculated in the previous call.

Running Example

We can call the factorial function in a Go language program:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    result := factorial(5)
    fmt.Println(result) // 120
}

Conclusion

Through custom function implementation, we can create our own reusable functions to make the code clearer and more concise. The feature of functions as value types in the Go language provides the possibility for flexible code organization and execution.

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