Integration of error handling and logging of golang functions

Error handling and logging integration in Go includes: using the error type to represent errors and providing a string representation of the error. Use the log package for logging, which provides standardized log levels and functions for logging messages. Use the errors.Wrap() function to wrap errors in a new error, adding additional contextual information. This integration simplifies error handling, improves application debuggability, and ensures application robustness and reliability.

Integrated error handling and logging of Go functions

In Go applications, error handling and logging are important to ensure that the application Program robustness and observability are critical. This article describes how to integrate the two to simplify error handling and improve the debuggability of your application.

Error handling

In Go, errors can be represented by using the built-inerrortype. This type is an interface, so any type can implementerrorand provide a string representation describing the error.

func myFunc() error { // 发生错误的代码 return fmt.Errorf("错误：%s", err) }

Logging

For logging, Go provides thelogpackage. This package provides a standardized set of log levels (such asInfoandError) and a set of functions for logging messages.

import log func main() { log.Println("这是一个信息消息") log.Printf("这是一个带格式的消息：%d", 42) }

Integrated error handling and logging

To integrate error handling with logging, you can use theerrors.Wrap()function. This function wraps an error in a new error, adding additional contextual information.

func myFunc() error { if err := anotherFunc(); err != nil { return errors.Wrap(err, "myFunc 出错") } // 其余代码 }

In this case,myFunc()will log the error caused byanotherFunc()and add "myFunc error" contextual information.

Practical Case

Consider a simple web application that uses a database library to query the user table. We can use the above technique to handle errors and log them:

import ( "database/sql" "log" ) func getUser(id int) (*User, error) { row := db.QueryRow("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?", id) var u User if err := row.Scan(&u.ID, &u.Name); err != nil { return nil, errors.Wrap(err, "获取用户出错") } log.Printf("获取用户：%s", u.Name) return &u, nil }

In thegetUser()function, when an error occurs, it will wrap the error in a new error while adding "Get user error" context information. It also logs successfully acquired users.

By integrating error handling with logging, we can more easily debug applications and quickly identify and resolve problems. This is critical to ensure the robustness and reliability of your application.

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