When should C++ functions use error handling?

In best practice, C functions should use error handling to: throw exceptions to handle runtime errors. A failure code is returned to indicate that the operation failed. Handle predefined exceptions to handle exceptional situations.

Best Practices for Error Handling in C Functions

In C, error handling is essential for handling runtime errors and exceptions Crucial. Here are a few situations when a function should use error handling:

1. When the function may throw an exception

int divide(int num1, int num2) {
  if (num2 == 0) {
    throw runtime_error("除数不能为 0"); // 引发异常
  }
  return num1 / num2;
}

2. When the function may return a failure code When

int openFile(const string& filename) {
  ifstream file(filename);
  if (!file.is_open()) {
    return -1; // 返回失败代码
  }
  return 0;
}

3. When the function needs to handle predefined exceptions

int readFromFile(const string& filename) {
  ifstream file(filename);
  try {
    // 执行涉及文件读取的操作
    ...
  }
  catch (exception& e) {
    // 处理文件读取异常
    ...
  }
}

Practical case:

Consider A function that reads a file:

string readFileContents(const string& filename) {
  ifstream file(filename);
  if (!file.is_open()) {
    throw runtime_error("无法打开文件");
  }
  stringstream ss;
  ss << file.rdbuf();
  return ss.str();
}

This function uses error handling to handle the following situations:

• Throws an exception when the file cannot be opened
• Make sure to handle file reads Get exceptions, such as insufficient disk space or permission issues

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