Golang function memory allocation principle

In Go, function memory allocation is divided into stack allocation and heap allocation. Stack allocation is used for function parameters and local variables, and the life cycle is bound to the function execution cycle. Heap allocation is used for pointer type allocation, which is managed by the garbage collection mechanism and will not be automatically released even if it goes out of scope. Understanding memory allocation principles can help optimize memory usage, avoid memory leaks, and debug memory management problems.

Go language function memory allocation principle

In the Go language, function memory allocation follows the following principles:

1. Stack allocation:

• Function parameters and local variables are allocated in the function stack.
• The stack space is continuous and grows from low address to high address.
• The life cycle of a variable is associated with the function execution cycle.

2. Heap allocation:

• The space allocated using pointer types is stored in the heap.
• Heap space is dynamically allocated and managed by Go's garbage collection mechanism.
• Even if the variable goes out of scope, the space in the heap will not be automatically released.

Practical case:

func main() {
    // 栈分配
    var x int = 10
    var y float64 = 3.14

    // 堆分配
    ptr := new(int)
    *ptr = 20

    fmt.Println("栈分配：", x, y)
    fmt.Println("堆分配：", *ptr)
}

Result:

栈分配： 10 3.14
堆分配： 20

In the output, we can see the stack allocation The variables x and y are automatically released at the end of the function, while the heap-allocated variable ptr still points to space in the heap.

The importance of understanding the memory allocation principle parser:

Understanding the memory allocation principle of Go language function is very important for the following aspects:

• Optimize memory usage and performance
• Avoid memory leaks
• Debug memory management issues

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