The power of C++ lambda expressions

Lambda expression is a type of anonymous function object that provides a concise and flexible way to define small functions. Advantages include: concise and easy to read, can be embedded in code blocks, improves readability, can be used as parameters of higher-order functions, and enhances programming capabilities

C Lambda expression The power of

Lambda expressions are a syntax construct introduced in C++11 that allow developers to define anonymous function objects. Compared with traditional functions, Lambda expressions provide a concise and flexible method, especially suitable for small functions that need to be used once.

Syntax of Lambda expressions

Lambda expressions are defined using the following syntax:

[ capture-list ] (parameter-list) -> return-type { function-body }

• capture-list:Optional part used to specify external variables that lambda expressions can access.
• parameter-list:The parameter list accepted by the lambda expression, similar to a regular function.
• return-type:Optional part, only required when the lambda expression returns a non-void value.
• function-body:The code block to be executed.

Advantages of lambda expressions

Lambda expressions provide many advantages:

• Conciseness:lambda expressions are more concise than traditional functions and easier to write and read.
• Flexible:lambda expressions can be easily embedded within other blocks of code, improving code readability and maintainability.
• Higher-order functions:lambda expressions can be passed as arguments to higher-order functions, such asstd::sortandstd::find, thus providing more powerful programming capabilities.

Practical case

The following is a practical case using lambda expression to demonstrate how to sort a set of integers:

#include  #include  #include  int main() { std::vector numbers = {4, 2, 6, 1, 5, 3}; // 使用 lambda 表达式对集合进行排序 std::sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), [](const int& a, const int& b) { return a < b; }); // 打印排序后的集合 for (const int& num : numbers) { std::cout << num << ' '; } std::cout << '\n'; return 0; }

In this example, a lambda expression is used as the sorting criterion for thestd::sortfunction. A lambda expression receives two integers as arguments and returnstrueif the first argument is less than the second argument, andfalseotherwise. This will sort the elements in thenumberscollection in ascending order.

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