How to extract Golang function documentation using AST parser?

How to use AST parser to extract Golang function documentation? Install the go/ast package. Parse Go code using the go/parser package. Traverse *ast.FuncDecl nodes to extract function documentation. Use the extracted documentation for documentation generation and code analysis.

How to use AST parser to extract Golang function documentation

Introduction

Go The Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) provides a structured representation of program code. By using the AST parser, we can access detailed metadata about functions, types, and declarations. This article will show how to use the go/ast package to parse Go code and extract function documentation.

Install the AST parser

First, we need to install the go/ast package:

go get golang.org/x/tools/go/ast

Parse Go Code

In order to parse Go code, we need to use the go/parser package:

import (
    "go/ast"
    "go/parser"
    "go/token"
)

func ParseFile(filePath string) (*ast.File, error) {
    fset := token.NewFileSet()
    return parser.ParseFile(fset, filePath, nil, parser.ParseComments)
}

This will return an *ast.File , which contains AST nodes about the structure of the source file.

Extract function documentation

To extract function documentation, we need to traverse the *ast.FuncDecl nodes of the AST. Each *ast.FuncDecl node represents a function declaration.

func ExtractFunctionDocs(file *ast.File) map[string]string {
    docs := make(map[string]string)
    for _, decl := range file.Decls {
        if f, ok := decl.(*ast.FuncDecl); ok {
            if f.Doc != nil {
                docs[f.Name.Name] = f.Doc.Text()
            }
        }
    }
    return docs
}

Practical case

The following is a practical case that demonstrates how to use the AST parser to extract a function document named greet:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "go/ast"
    "go/parser"
    "go/token"
)

func main() {
    file, err := ParseFile("my_code.go")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    docs := ExtractFunctionDocs(file)
    fmt.Println("Documentation for function 'greet':", docs[" greet"])
}

// greet says hello
func greet(name string) string {
    return "Hello, " + name
}

Output:

Documentation for function 'greet': // greet says hello

Conclusion

By using the go/ast package we can easily parse Go code and extract function documentation . This is useful for automatically generating documentation, performing code analysis, and understanding the code base.

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