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What are the components and functions of a linux system

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Release: 2024-04-11 22:24:21
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Linux system consists of the following parts: Kernel: manages hardware resources and provides an interface for interacting with hardware. Application: Provides functionality for user interaction and performing specific tasks. File system: stores files and directories, and manages file permissions and access control. Shell: Allows users to interact with the system and run commands and create scripts. Desktop environment: Provides a graphical user interface to manage programs, files, and settings.

What are the components and functions of a linux system

Components and functions of the Linux system

Linux is a free and open source operating system that consists of a kernel and A set of applications.

The kernel

  • is responsible for managing hardware resources such as CPU, memory and storage.
  • Provides an interface for interacting with hardware, allowing applications to access hardware functions.
  • Scheduling processes and allocating resources to ensure that all processes have a chance to run.

Application

  • Provides functionality for user interaction and performance of specific tasks.
  • For example, web browsers, office suites, image editors, and command line utilities.

File system

  • A hierarchical structure that organizes and stores files and directories.
  • Provides file permission management and access control.
  • Linux supports multiple file systems, such as EXT4 and Btrfs.

Shell

  • A command interpreter that allows the user to interact with the system.
  • Provides an interface that allows users to run commands, create scripts and process files.
  • Common shells include Bash, Zsh and Tcsh.

Desktop environment

  • Provides a graphical user interface (GUI) to manage programs, files, and settings.
  • Includes desktop, taskbar, file manager and window manager.
  • For example, GNOME, KDE and Xfce.

Drivers

  • Allow the operating system to communicate with specific hardware devices.
  • Provides the functions and features of hardware devices.
  • For example, display card driver, printer driver and network card driver.

Other components

  • init system:Manage the system startup and shutdown process.
  • Daemon process:A program that runs in the background to perform specific tasks, such as a web server or database.
  • Library:Contains shared code and functionality for use by applications.

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