PHP function unit testing: ensuring code correctness and stability

PHP unit testing verifies the correctness of code units through PHPUnit. The steps are as follows: Use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase to create a test case. Define a test method starting with test and use assertions to verify expected behavior. Run tests to check that your code behaves as expected.

PHP function unit testing: ensure code correctness and stability

Unit testing is to verify code units (such as functions or classes method) runs as expected. For PHP, this can be easily achieved through PHPUnit, a popular unit testing framework.

Create unit test

To create a unit test, you need to use the PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase class. Each test method should begin with test and assert whether the function behaves as expected.

<?php

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class FooTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testAdd()
    {
        $foo = new Foo();
        $this->assertEquals(3, $foo->add(1, 2));
    }
}

Assertions

PHPUnit provides various assertion methods to verify different conditions. Some commonly used assertions include:

• assertEquals(): Checks whether two values ​​are equal.
• assertTrue(): Checks whether a value is true.
• assertFalse(): Checks whether a value is false.

Practical Case

The following is a practical case that shows how to test a function that calculates the sum of an array:

<?php

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class SumArrayTest extends TestCase
{
    public function testSumArray()
    {
        $array = [1, 2, 3];
        $sumArray = new SumArray();
        $this->assertEquals(6, $sumArray->sum($array));
    }
}

Running tests

To run tests, you can use the PHPUnit command line tool or integrate through the IDE.

Continuous Integration

Unit testing is often integrated with a continuous integration (CI) system. CI systems automatically run tests every time code changes, ensuring code stability and correctness.

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