The difference between C language and C++: an in-depth analysis

The main differences between C and C are syntax, features and uses. Syntax: C uses curly braces { } to define code blocks, and C uses a more flexible object-oriented syntax. Features: C introduced polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance, features that C did not support. Practical examples: C focuses on computation, while C focuses on creating object-oriented programs, such as managing student information.

The difference between C language and C: in-depth analysis

C and C are both widely used programming languages, but they have different syntax , features and uses. This article will take an in-depth look at the differences between C and C, including syntax, features, and practical examples.

Syntax

• C uses a structured syntax, using curly braces {} to define blocks of code, while C uses a more flexible object-oriented syntax.
• C uses header files (.h) to declare functions and variables, while C uses header files (.h) to declare header files and source files (.cpp) to define functions and variables.
• C uses pointers and arrays to manage memory, and C introduces the new concepts of references and pointers.

Features

• Polymorphism: The C language does not support polymorphism, which means that the behavior of a function Cannot change based on the object on which it is called. C introduced polymorphism, allowing the behavior of a function to change depending on the object it is called on.
• Encapsulation: The C language does not have an encapsulation mechanism, which means that data and operations are directly exposed. C introduced encapsulation, which allowed data to be hidden within classes and only the necessary methods to be exposed.
• Inheritance: The C language does not support inheritance, which means that new classes cannot be created from existing classes. C supports inheritance, allowing derived classes to be created from a base class and inherit its properties.

Practical case

C Language: Calculate the sum of two numbers

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num1, num2;
    printf("请输入两个数字：");
    scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);
    int sum = num1 + num2;
    printf("和为：%d\n", sum);
    return 0;
}

C: Using classes to represent students

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Student {
public:
    string name;
    int age;
    float gpa;
};

int main() {
    Student student;
    cout << "请输入学生姓名：";
    cin >> student.name;
    cout << "请输入学生年龄：";
    cin >> student.age;
    cout << "请输入学生 GPA：";
    cin >> student.gpa;
    cout << "学生信息：" << endl;
    cout << "姓名：" << student.name << endl;
    cout << "年龄：" << student.age << endl;
    cout << "GPA：" << student.gpa << endl;
    return 0;
}

Conclusion

C and C have significant differences in syntax, features, and uses. C is a procedural language, while C is an object-oriented language. C inherits the advantages of C while adding new features such as polymorphism, encapsulation, and inheritance. Which language you choose depends largely on the specific requirements of your project.

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