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Implementing multithreading in PHP

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Release： 2024-02-28 09:24:01

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Implementing multi-threading in PHP has always been a topic of concern to developers. With the continuous development of Internet applications, the need to handle a large number of concurrent requests is becoming more and more urgent. This article will introduce how to implement multi-threading in PHP, explore the advantages and applicable scenarios of multi-threading, and help developers better cope with complex concurrency requirements. Let's take a deeper look at the application of multithreading in PHP!

Use Parallel in `php` ParallelConcurrency extension to implement multi-threading

Using the Parallel parallel concurrency extension, we can implement multi-threading in PHP.

This extension provides an explanation thread parallel\Runtime. We can create a thread by creating an object from the parallel\Runtime() class.

This class provides a method run(), which schedules tasks to run in parallel. We can pass Closure as a parameter to the run method.

This parameter is generally called task. We can also specify an array as the second parameter of the method. The contents of the array are passed to the task.

There are some requirements before downloading the Parallel Parallel Concurrency extension. PHP version should be 8.0 and Zend Thread Safe (ZTS) should be enabled.

<pthread.h> Headers are another requirement. We can download the extension from pecl as shown below.

<code>
<code class="language-php hljs" data-lang="php"><span style="display:flex;"><span>pecl install parallel
</span></span></code></code>

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We can use the for loop to test the parallel execution of the program.

For example, we can run a loop inside the run() method and run another loop outside the method. In this case, code execution will be parallel.

For example, create an object of class parallel\Runtime and then use that object to call the run() method. In the run() method, write an anonymous function. First, write a

for

loop to print the symbol 50 times inside the function. Next, outside of the run() method, write another for loop that prints the - symbols 50 times. Since the loop inside the

run()

method runs in a separate thread, the loop outside the run() method will execute simultaneously. As a result, - and symbols are printed simultaneously, as shown in the output section below. Therefore, we can use parallel concurrency extensions to implement multithreading in PHP.

Sample code:

<code>
<code class="language-php hljs" data-lang="php"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#19177c">$rt</span> <span style="color:#666">=</span> <span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">new</span> \parallel\Runtime();
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#19177c">$rt</span><span style="color:#666">-></span><span style="color:#7d9029">run</span>(<span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">funct<strong class="keylink">io</strong>n</span>(){
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">for</span> (<span style="color:#19177c">$i</span> <span style="color:#666">=</span> <span style="color:#666">0</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$i</span> <span style="color:#666"><</span> <span style="color:#666">50</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$i</span><span style="color:#666">++</span>)
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">echo</span> <span style="color:#ba2121">"+"</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>});
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">for</span> (<span style="color:#19177c">$i</span> <span style="color:#666">=</span> <span style="color:#666">0</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$i</span> <span style="color:#666"><</span> <span style="color:#666">50</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$i</span><span style="color:#666">++</span>) {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">echo</span> <span style="color:#ba2121">"-"</span>;
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>}
</span></span></code></code>

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Output:

<code>
<code class="language-text hljs" data-lang="text"><span style="display:flex;"><span>-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
</span></span></code></code>

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Use the

popen()

function in PHP to implement multi-threading We can open parallel processes in PHP using the

popen()

function. This function forks the process to achieve parallel processing. Processes do not share resources.

In this way, we can implement multi-threading in PHP.

popen()

The function creates a pipe to the forked process. We can iterate over the

popen()

function and create multiple processes to achieve multi-threading. The popen() function takes command as the first parameter and mode as the second parameter. The pattern can be

or w. For example, create a

for

loop that loops five times. Inside the loop, create another for loop that loops five times. Within the subloop, create an array

$process

to store the popen() function. Set the PHP file message.php and r mode as the first and second parameters. Next, create another subloop and close the

$process

using the pclose() function. Here, five processes are executed in parallel in the first sub-loop. The process is terminated in the second subloop using the

pclose()

function. This is how we implement multithreading using the

popen()

function in PHP. Sample code:

<code>
<code class="language-php hljs" data-lang="php"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">for</span> (<span style="color:#19177c">$i</span><span style="color:#666">=</span><span style="color:#666">0</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$i</span><span style="color:#666"><</span><span style="color:#666">5</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$i</span><span style="color:#666">++</span>) {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> 
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">for</span> (<span style="color:#19177c">$j</span><span style="color:#666">=</span><span style="color:#666">0</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$j</span><span style="color:#666"><</span><span style="color:#666">5</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$j</span><span style="color:#666">++</span>) {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#19177c">$process</span>[<span style="color:#19177c">$j</span>] <span style="color:#666">=</span> popen(<span style="color:#ba2121">'message.php'</span>, <span style="color:#ba2121">'r'</span>);
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> }
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#008000;font-weight:bold">for</span> (<span style="color:#19177c">$j</span><span style="color:#666">=</span><span style="color:#666">0</span>; <span style="color:#19177c">$j</span><span style="color:#666"><</span><span style="color:#666">5</span>; <span style="color:#666">++</span><span style="color:#19177c">$j</span>) {
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> pclose(<span style="color:#19177c">$process</span>[<span style="color:#19177c">$j</span>]);
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> }
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>}
</span></span></code></code>

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