How pip uses different software sources

Use subprocess.run() to safely execute shell commands and capture output. It is recommended to pass parameters in lists to avoid injection risks; 2. When shell characteristics are required, you can set shell=True, but beware of command injection; 3. Use subprocess.Popen to realize real-time output processing; 4. Set check=True to throw exceptions when the command fails; 5. You can directly call chains to obtain output in a simple scenario; you should give priority to subprocess.run() in daily life to avoid using os.system() or deprecated modules. The above methods override the core usage of executing shell commands in Python.

Use Seaborn's jointplot to quickly visualize the relationship and distribution between two variables; 2. The basic scatter plot is implemented by sns.jointplot(data=tips,x="total_bill",y="tip",kind="scatter"), the center is a scatter plot, and the histogram is displayed on the upper and lower and right sides; 3. Add regression lines and density information to a kind="reg", and combine marginal_kws to set the edge plot style; 4. When the data volume is large, it is recommended to use "hex"

String lists can be merged with join() method, such as ''.join(words) to get "HelloworldfromPython"; 2. Number lists must be converted to strings with map(str, numbers) or [str(x)forxinnumbers] before joining; 3. Any type list can be directly converted to strings with brackets and quotes, suitable for debugging; 4. Custom formats can be implemented by generator expressions combined with join(), such as '|'.join(f"[{item}]"foriteminitems) output"[a]|[

Install pyodbc: Use the pipinstallpyodbc command to install the library; 2. Connect SQLServer: Use the connection string containing DRIVER, SERVER, DATABASE, UID/PWD or Trusted_Connection through the pyodbc.connect() method, and support SQL authentication or Windows authentication respectively; 3. Check the installed driver: Run pyodbc.drivers() and filter the driver name containing 'SQLServer' to ensure that the correct driver name is used such as 'ODBCDriver17 for SQLServer'; 4. Key parameters of the connection string

Use httpx.AsyncClient to efficiently initiate asynchronous HTTP requests. 1. Basic GET requests manage clients through asyncwith and use awaitclient.get to initiate non-blocking requests; 2. Combining asyncio.gather to combine with asyncio.gather can significantly improve performance, and the total time is equal to the slowest request; 3. Support custom headers, authentication, base_url and timeout settings; 4. Can send POST requests and carry JSON data; 5. Pay attention to avoid mixing synchronous asynchronous code. Proxy support needs to pay attention to back-end compatibility, which is suitable for crawlers or API aggregation and other scenarios.

Pythoncanbeoptimizedformemory-boundoperationsbyreducingoverheadthroughgenerators,efficientdatastructures,andmanagingobjectlifetimes.First,usegeneratorsinsteadofliststoprocesslargedatasetsoneitematatime,avoidingloadingeverythingintomemory.Second,choos

This article aims to help SQLAlchemy beginners resolve the "RemovedIn20Warning" warning encountered when using create_engine and the subsequent "ResourceClosedError" connection closing error. The article will explain the cause of this warning in detail and provide specific steps and code examples to eliminate the warning and fix connection issues to ensure that you can query and operate the database smoothly.

shutil.rmtree() is a function in Python that recursively deletes the entire directory tree. It can delete specified folders and all contents. 1. Basic usage: Use shutil.rmtree(path) to delete the directory, and you need to handle FileNotFoundError, PermissionError and other exceptions. 2. Practical application: You can clear folders containing subdirectories and files in one click, such as temporary data or cached directories. 3. Notes: The deletion operation is not restored; FileNotFoundError is thrown when the path does not exist; it may fail due to permissions or file occupation. 4. Optional parameters: Errors can be ignored by ignore_errors=True