Asynchronous RPC service built with ThinkPHP6 and Swoole

Asynchronous RPC service built using ThinkPHP6 and Swoole

Introduction:
With the development and popularization of the Internet, the application of distributed systems is becoming more and more widespread. In distributed systems, RPC (Remote Procedure Call) is one of the important ways to achieve communication between different services. Traditional RPC usually adopts the synchronous request-response mode, that is, the caller initiates an RPC request and then waits for the response result to be returned. However, the synchronous RPC mode has some shortcomings. For example, the requester needs to wait for the response result to be returned, causing the requester to be blocked and affecting system performance. In order to solve this problem, we can use the asynchronous RPC mode. That is, after the requester sends the request, it does not need to wait for the response result to be returned. It can continue to process other requests and wait for the response result to be returned before processing. This article will introduce how to use ThinkPHP6 and Swoole to build an asynchronous RPC service, and give specific code examples.

1. The concept and principle of asynchronous RPC
Asynchronous RPC is an RPC method that does not need to wait for the result to be returned. Compared with synchronous RPC, it has better performance and concurrency performance. In asynchronous RPC mode, after the caller sends a request, it does not need to wait for the remote service to return the result and can continue to execute other business logic. When the remote service has processed the request and returned the result, the caller will receive a callback notification.

The basic principle of asynchronous RPC is as follows:

1. The caller sends a request to the remote service.
2. After the remote service receives the request, it puts the request into the message queue.
3. The caller returns a unique identifier to the remote service.
4. The remote service processes the request and puts the result into the message queue.
5. The remote service sends a notification asynchronously to the caller, and the notification specifies the unique identifier of the request.
6. After the caller receives the notification, it obtains the result from the message queue according to the identifier.

2. Steps to build an asynchronous RPC service using ThinkPHP6 and Swoole
In this section, we will follow the following steps to build an asynchronous RPC service using ThinkPHP6 and Swoole.

1. Install ThinkPHP6 and Swoole
   First, we need to install ThinkPHP6 and Swoole. ThinkPHP6 can be installed through the following command:

composer create-project topthink/think app

Then, install Swoole through the following command:

composer require swoole/swoole

2. Configure the Swoole server of ThinkPHP6
   In the configuration file of ThinkPHP6## In #config/server.php, configure the relevant parameters of the Swoole server. For example, you can configure the server's IP address, port number, number of worker processes, etc.

'swoole' => [
    // 监听的地址
    'host' => '127.0.0.1',
    // 监听的端口
    'port' => 9501,
    // 工作进程数
    'worker_num' => 4,
],

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Create asynchronous RPC service
3. In the controller of ThinkPHP6, create a method of asynchronous RPC service. First, you need to use Swoole to create an asynchronous RPC server and listen to the specified IP address and port number. Then, the received request is processed by defining a callback function and the result is placed in the message queue. Finally, the notification is sent asynchronously to the caller.
   

use SwooleHttpServer;
use SwooleProcess;

class RpcController
{
    public function index()
    {
        $server = new Server('127.0.0.1', 9501);
        $server->on('request', function ($request, $response) {
            // 处理请求并返回结果
            $result = $this->handleRequest($request);
            // 将结果放入消息队列中
            $this->putToQueue($result);
            // 异步发送通知给调用方
            $this->sendNotification($response);
        });
        // 启动RPC服务器
        $server->start();
    }

    private function handleRequest($request)
    {
        // 处理请求并返回结果
        // ...
    }

    private function putToQueue($result)
    {
        // 将结果放入消息队列中
        // ...
    }

    private function sendNotification($response)
    {
        // 异步发送通知给调用方
        // ...
    }
}

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Call asynchronous RPC service
4. In the controller of ThinkPHP6, call asynchronous RPC service. You can use Swoole's
   HttpClient to send a request to an asynchronous RPC server, and then you do not need to wait for the result to be returned and can continue to process other requests.

use SwooleHttpClient;

class IndexController
{
    public function index()
    {
        $client = new Client('127.0.0.1', 9501);
        $client->post('/rpc', [], 'request data', function ($client) {
            // 发送请求后，不需要等待结果返回，可以继续处理其他请求
            // ...
        });
    }
}

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Summary:

Through the introduction of this article, we have understood the concepts and principles of asynchronous RPC, and built a simple asynchronous RPC service using ThinkPHP6 and Swoole. In practical applications, asynchronous RPC can be expanded and optimized according to specific needs to meet the needs of distributed systems. I hope this article will be helpful to developers building asynchronous RPC services using ThinkPHP6 and Swoole.


References:
ThinkPHP Documentation: https://www.kancloud.cn/manual/thinkphp6_0/1037639
1. Swoole Documentation: https://www .swoole.co.uk/docs

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