PHP WebSocket development examples: practical cases of how to implement specific functions-PHP Tutorial-php.cn

PHP WebSocket development examples: practical cases of how to implement specific functions

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Release： 2023-09-11 12:34:02

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PHP WebSocket开发实例：如何实现特定功能的实用案例

PHP WebSocket development examples: practical cases of how to implement specific functions

Introduction:
With the development of the Internet, the traditional HTTP protocol exists in real-time communication Some restrictions. WebSocket is a full-duplex communication protocol based on the TCP protocol, which can realize real-time communication between the client and the server. This article will use a practical case to introduce how to use PHP WebSocket to implement specific functions.

Introduction
WebSocket is a protocol that establishes a long connection between the client and the server, enabling two-way real-time communication. Different from the traditional HTTP request-response model, the WebSocket connection establishes a persistent communication channel between the client and the server, allowing the server to actively push data to the client.
Practical Case: Online Chat Room
Online chat room is one of the most common applications of WebSocket. Users can access the chat room page through a browser to communicate with other online users in real time. Below we use a practical case to introduce how to use PHP WebSocket to implement a simple online chat room.

(1) Establish a WebSocket server
First, we need to build a WebSocket server. You can use PHP's swoole extension to build a WebSocket server. Swoole is a high-performance PHP extension that provides support for WebSocket. By executing the following code, we can create a WebSocket server:

<?php
$server = new swoole_websocket_server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

$server->on('open', function ($server, $request) {
    echo "new connection open: ".$request->fd;
});

$server->on('message', function ($server, $frame) {
    echo "received message: ".$frame->data;
});

$server->on('close', function ($ser, $fd) {
    echo "connection close: ".$fd;
});

$server->start();
?>

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In this code, we create a WebSocket server with a listening IP address of 0.0.0.0 and a port number of 9501. When a new connection is established, the server will automatically call the open event processing function; when receiving a message from the client, the server will call the message event processing function; and when When the connection is closed, the server will call the close event handling function.

(2) Front-end page development
Next, we need to develop a front-end page to display the chat room interface and communicate with the server. The following is a simple front-end page code:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>WebSocket Chat Room</title>
    <script>
        var socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:9501");
        
        socket.onopen = function(event) {
            console.log("WebSocket connection open");
        };
        
        socket.onmessage = function(event) {
            console.log("Received message: " + event.data);
        };
        
        socket.onclose = function(event) {
            console.log("WebSocket connection closed");
        };
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>WebSocket Chat Room</h1>
    <div id="chat-messages"></div>
    <input type="text" id="input-message">
    <button onclick="sendMessage()">Send</button>
    
    <script>
        function sendMessage() {
            var message = document.getElementById("input-message").value;
            socket.send(message);
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

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This code connects to the server through WebSocket and defines the processing functions for opening the connection, receiving messages, and closing the connection. Through buttons and text boxes, users can enter chat content and send it to the server.

(3) Chat room function implementation
On the server side, we need to add some logic to implement the chat room function. Modify the server code as follows:

<?php
$server = new swoole_websocket_server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

$server->on('open', function ($server, $request) {
    echo "new connection open: ".$request->fd."
";
});

$server->on('message', function ($server, $frame) {
    echo "received message: ".$frame->data."
";
    
    // 广播消息给所有客户端
    foreach ($server->connections as $fd) {
        $server->push($fd, $frame->data);
    }
});

$server->on('close', function ($ser, $fd) {
    echo "connection close: ".$fd."
";
});

$server->start();
?>

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In the modified code, when receiving a message from the client, the server will broadcast the message to all connected clients. In this way, all messages sent by users on the chat room page will be displayed on other users' pages in real time.

Summary:
Through the above practical cases, we learned how to use PHP WebSocket to implement a simple online chat room. With the help of PHP's swoole extension, we can easily build a server based on WebSocket to achieve real-time communication functions. In addition, WebSocket can be used in more scenarios, such as real-time data display, multi-person collaborative editing, etc. I hope this article will be helpful in understanding and applying PHP WebSocket.

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