Generating XHTML to PDF translations in a LAMP environment

LAMP environment is widely used for web development and it is an acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP. This environment is an open source platform that is easy to use and deploy. The PDF format is commonly used for sharing and exchanging documents on the Internet. However, generating PDF documents in a LAMP environment can be a challenging task, especially when converting XHTML documents. In this article, we will explore different methods of generating PDF from XHTML in a LAMP environment.

What is XHTML?

XHTML stands for Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, which is a markup language used to create web pages. It is an extension of the HTML language and is based on XML. XHTML is a stricter and more structured version of HTML, which is designed to be compatible with XML. This means that it follows a set of rules and guidelines that make it easier for web developers to create web pages that are compatible with various web browsers.

Generate PDF from XHTML

Generating PDF from XHTML involves converting the XHTML document into a PDF document. There are different methods for generating PDF from XHTML in a LAMP environment and we will explore some of them.

DOMPDF

DOMPDF is a PHP library for converting HTML and XHTML documents to PDF format. It is an open source library that is easy to use and deploy in a LAMP environment. DOMPDF uses the CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) standard to format HTML and XHTML documents, allowing web developers to easily create PDF documents that are consistent with the original HTML and XHTML documents.

Example

Example

To use DOMPDF, we first need to download and install it on the server. Once installed, we can use the following code to generate PDF documents from XHTML documents.

loadHtml($html); $dompdf->setPaper('A4', 'landscape'); $dompdf->render(); $dompdf->stream("test.pdf", array("Attachment" => false)); ?>

In the above code, we first ask the DOMPDF library and create a new DOMPDF object. We then load the HTML or XHTML document using the file_get_contents function and set the paper size to A4 with landscape orientation. Finally, we render the PDF document and stream it to the browser with the file name "test.pdf".

TCPDF

TCPDF

TCPDF is another PHP library for generating PDF documents from HTML and XHTML documents. It is an open source library that is easy to use and deploy in a LAMP environment. TCPDF is a powerful library that provides a variety of features, including support for multiple languages and character sets, encryption and compression of PDF documents, and support for HTML and XHTML documents.

Example

Example

To use TCPDF, we first need to download and install it on the server. Once installed, we can use the following code to generate PDF documents from XHTML documents.

SetCreator(PDF_CREATOR); $pdf->SetAuthor('Author Name'); $pdf->SetTitle('Title'); $pdf->SetSubject('Subject'); $pdf->setFontSubsetting(true); $pdf->AddPage(); $pdf->writeHTML($html, true, false, true, false, ''); $pdf->Output('test.pdf', 'I'); ?>

In the above code, we first need the TCPDF library and create a new TCPDF object. Then use the file_get_contents function to load the HTML or XHTML document and set the PDF metadata (creator, author, title and subject). Finally, we add a new page to the PDF document, write the HTML or XHTML document to the page, and output the PDF document to the browser using the file name "test.pdf".

FPDF

FPDF

FPDF is a PHP library for generating PDF documents from scratch. It is an open source library that is easy to use and deploy in a LAMP environment. FPDF does not support HTML or XHTML documents, but it provides a powerful set of functions to create PDF documents, including support for different fonts, colors, images, and page formats.

Example

Example

To use FPDF, we first need to download and install it on the server. Once installed, we can use the following code to generate a PDF document from scratch.

AddPage(); $pdf->SetFont('Arial','B',16); $pdf->Cell(40,10,'Hello World!'); $pdf->Output(); ?>

In the above code, we first need the FPDF library and create a new FPDF object. We then add a new page to the PDF document, set the font to Arial, bold style, size to 16, and add a new cell with the text "Hello World!" Finally, we output the PDF document to the browser.

Other tools and libraries for generating PDF from XHTML in a LAMP environment include:

wkhtmltopdf

wkhtmltopdf

wkhtmltopdf is an open source command line tool for converting HTML and XHTML documents to PDF format. It is based on the WebKit rendering engine, which is used by popular web browsers such as Google Chrome and Safari. wkhtmltopdf provides a wide range of features, including support for CSS, JavaScript, and images.

Example

Example

To use wkhtmltopdf, we first need to install it on the server. Once the installation is complete, we can use the following command to generate PDF documents from XHTML documents.

wkhtmltopdf test.html test.pdf

In the above command, we specified the input file (test.html) and the output file (test.pdf). wkhtmltopdf automatically converts XHTML documents to PDF format.

mPDF

mPDF

mPDF是一个用于从HTML和XHTML文档生成PDF文档的PHP库。它是一个易于使用和在LAMP环境中部署的开源库。mPDF是一个强大的库，提供了广泛的功能，包括支持Unicode字符、HTML和XHTML文档以及多种语言。

Example

示例

要使用mPDF，我们首先需要在服务器上下载并安装它。一旦安装完成，我们可以使用以下代码从XHTML文档生成PDF文档。

WriteHTML($html); $mpdf->Output(); ?>

在上面的代码中，我们首先需要mPDF库并创建一个新的mPDF对象。然后，我们使用file_get_contents函数加载HTML或XHTML文档，并将HTML或XHTML文档写入PDF文档。最后，我们将PDF文档输出到浏览器。

结论

在LAMP环境中从XHTML生成PDF可能是一项具有挑战性的任务，但是有不同的方法可用于此目的。DOMPDF、TCPDF和FPDF是三个常用于在LAMP环境中从XHTML生成PDF的PHP库。每个库都有自己的一套功能和优点，选择库取决于项目的具体要求。通过使用这些库，Web开发人员可以轻松地从XHTML文档创建PDF文档并在互联网上共享。

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