How to encrypt and decrypt data in MySQL?

How to encrypt and decrypt data in MySQL?

Abstract: Data security is an important aspect of database management. This article will introduce how to use encryption algorithms to encrypt and decrypt data in MySQL to improve data security.

1. Introduction
In the modern information society, data security issues are becoming more and more important. The data stored in the database may contain sensitive information, such as user passwords, bank account numbers, etc. In order to prevent data leakage and illegal acquisition, we need to encrypt and store this sensitive information.

MySQL is a commonly used relational database management system that provides rich encryption functions. The following describes how to use symmetric encryption algorithms and asymmetric encryption algorithms to encrypt and decrypt data in MySQL.

2. Symmetric encryption algorithm
Symmetric encryption algorithm uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt data. MySQL provides the AES_ENCRYPT and AES_DECRYPT functions, which can use the AES algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data.

1. Create table
   First, we create a table to store encrypted data. You can use the following SQL statement to create a table named encrypted_data:

CREATE TABLE encrypted_data (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
  data BLOB
);

Among them, the data column is used to store encrypted data.

2. Data Encryption
   To encrypt data, we can use the AES_ENCRYPT function. The following is an example:

INSERT INTO encrypted_data (data) VALUES (AES_ENCRYPT('sensitive data', 'secret key'));

In this example, we encrypt the data sensitive data using the key secret key, and encrypt the Data is inserted into the encrypted_data table.

3. Data Decryption
   To decrypt data, we can use the AES_DECRYPT function. The following is an example:

SELECT id, AES_DECRYPT(data, 'secret key') AS decrypted_data FROM encrypted_data;

In this example, we decrypt the data in the encrypted_data table through the AES_DECRYPT function, and use the decrypted data as decrypted_dataThe value of the column is returned.

3. Asymmetric encryption algorithm
The asymmetric encryption algorithm uses a pair of keys, namely the public key and the private key. The public key is used to encrypt data and the private key is used to decrypt data. MySQL provides the RSA function and OPENSSL library, which can implement asymmetric encryption algorithms.

1. Generate key pair
   First, we need to generate a pair of keys, using the RSA_NEWKEY function. The following is an example:

SET @private_key = '';
SET @public_key = '';
SELECT RSA_NEWKEY(2048, @private_key, @public_key);
SELECT @private_key, @public_key;

In this example, we use the RSA_NEWKEY function to generate a pair of 2048-bit RSA key pairs, and separate the private key and public key. Assign values ​​to @private_key and @public_key variables.

2. Data Encryption
   To encrypt data, we can use the RSA_ENCRYPT function. Here is an example:

INSERT INTO encrypted_data (data) VALUES (RSA_ENCRYPT('sensitive data', @public_key));

In this example, we encrypt the data sensitive data using the public key and insert the encrypted data into encrypted_data in the table.

3. Data Decryption
   To decrypt data, we can use the RSA_DECRYPT function. The following is an example:

SELECT id, RSA_DECRYPT(data, @private_key) AS decrypted_data FROM encrypted_data;

In this example, we use the private key to decrypt the data in the encrypted_data table through the RSA_DECRYPT function, and will decrypt the The data is returned as the value of the decrypted_data column.

Conclusion:
Data security is an important aspect of database management. In MySQL, we can use symmetric encryption algorithms and asymmetric encryption algorithms to encrypt and decrypt data for storage. Through reasonable selection of encryption algorithms and key management, data security can be effectively improved and sensitive information can be prevented from being leaked and illegally obtained.

The above is an introduction on how to encrypt and decrypt data in MySQL. I hope it will be helpful to you.

Reference:

• MySQL official documentation: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/encryption-functions.html

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