Use the new Period and Duration classes in Java 11 to handle dates and time intervals

Use the new Period class and Duration class in Java 11 to handle dates and time intervals

Summary: Java 11 introduces the new Period class and Duration class, making processing dates and time intervals simpler and easier flexible. This article will introduce the basic concepts and usage of these two classes, and provide some code examples to help readers better understand and use these classes.

1. Period class

The Period class is used to represent the interval between dates. It contains three fields: year, month, and day. You can create a Period object through the following code example:

import java.time.LocalDate; import java.time.Period; public class PeriodExample { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDate start = LocalDate.of(2021, 1, 1); LocalDate end = LocalDate.of(2022, 1, 1); Period period = Period.between(start, end); System.out.println("Years: " + period.getYears()); System.out.println("Months: " + period.getMonths()); System.out.println("Days: " + period.getDays()); } }

The output result is:

Years: 1 Months: 0 Days: 0

In the above example, we usedLocalDateclass to represent a date and use thePeriod.between()method to calculate the interval between two dates. The years, months and days of the interval can be obtained through thegetYears(),getMonths()andgetDays()methods.

2. Duration class

The Duration class is used to represent the interval between times. It is in seconds and nanoseconds. You can create a Duration object through the following code example:

import java.time.LocalTime; import java.time.Duration; public class DurationExample { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalTime start = LocalTime.of(10, 0, 0); LocalTime end = LocalTime.of(12, 0, 0); Duration duration = Duration.between(start, end); System.out.println("Hours: " + duration.toHours()); System.out.println("Minutes: " + duration.toMinutes()); System.out.println("Seconds: " + duration.getSeconds()); } }

The output result is:

Hours: 2 Minutes: 120 Seconds: 7200

In the above example, we usedThe LocalTimeclass represents time and uses theDuration.between()method to calculate the interval between two times. The hours, minutes, and seconds of the interval can be obtained through thetoHours(),toMinutes(), andgetSeconds()methods.

3. Period and Duration operations

In addition to calculating date and time intervals, the Period and Duration classes also provide some operation methods for adding and subtracting intervals, as shown below:

import java.time.LocalDate; import java.time.Period; public class PeriodOperationExample { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDate date = LocalDate.of(2021, 1, 1); Period period = Period.of(1, 2, 3); LocalDate result = date.plus(period); System.out.println("Result: " + result); } }

The output result is:

Result: 2022-03-04

In the above example, we used theplus()method to add the specified interval to the date. You can use theplusYears(),plusMonths(), andplusDays()methods to add the specified number of years, months, and days to a date, respectively.

For the Duration class, you can also use similar operation methods to add and subtract time intervals.

Conclusion:

By using the Period class and Duration class in Java 11, we can handle dates and time intervals more conveniently. These classes provide rich methods to calculate, operate and format intervals, allowing us to handle various date and time needs more flexibly. Therefore, during development, we can choose appropriate classes to handle date and time intervals based on specific scenarios, improving the readability and maintainability of the code.

Reference:

• Oracle official documentation: https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/ time/Period.html
• Oracle official documentation: https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/time/Duration.html

I hope this article can help readers better understand and apply the Period class and Duration class. If you have any questions or suggestions about these two categories, please feel free to leave a message. Thanks!

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