How to use template functions in Go language to implement dynamic page rendering of a website?-Golang-php.cn

How to use template functions in Go language to implement dynamic page rendering of a website?

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Release： 2023-07-29 08:17:13

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How to use template functions in Go language to implement dynamic page rendering of the website?

Introduction:
When developing a website, it is often necessary to dynamically generate web page content based on the data passed by the backend. Go language provides a convenient template engine that can realize dynamic page rendering of web pages by using template functions. This article will introduce how to use template functions in the Go language to complete the rendering process of web pages, and give corresponding code examples.

1. Preparation:
First, we need to create a Go language project. You can create a new project directory with the following command: mkdir dynamic-website && cd dynamic-website && go mod init dynamic-website.

Then, we need to install the template engine package html/template in the Go language. It can be installed using the following command: go get -u html/template.

Enter the project directory, create a file named main.go, and import the necessary packages in the file:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "html/template"
    "net/http"
)

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2. Create a template file:
In the project directory, create a file named template.html and add the following content in the file:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1>Hello, {{.Name}}!</h1>

</body>
</html>

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This template file contains a simple HTML page, which uses A template variable {{.Name}}. We will pass specific values to this template variable in subsequent code.

3. Implement server-side code:
In the main.go file, we need to write server-side code to handle user requests and bind the template file with data . In the main function, add the following code:

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        tmpl, err := template.ParseFiles("template.html")
        if err != nil {
            http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
            return
        }

        data := struct {
            Name string
        }{
            Name: "Go语言",
        }

        err = tmpl.Execute(w, data)
        if err != nil {
            http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        }
    })

    fmt.Println("Server starting at localhost:8080")
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

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In this code, we use the http.HandleFunc function to change the requested URL path "/" Bound to a processing function. In the processing function, we first parse the template file into a template object through the template.ParseFiles function. Then, create a structure object named data and assign specific values to the fields in it. Finally, by calling the Execute method of the template object, the template file and data are rendered, and the results are written into the http.ResponseWriter object, and finally returned to the user's browser.

4. Start the server:
Start the server through the following command:

go run main.go

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Visit http://localhost:8080 in the browser, you will see A web page containing "Hello, Go language!" This proves that we have successfully used template functions to achieve dynamic page rendering of the website.

Summary:
By using the template function in the Go language, we can easily implement dynamic page rendering of the website. This article introduces the basic process of using template functions in the Go language to render web pages, and gives corresponding code examples. I hope readers can quickly master how to use template functions to build dynamic web pages through the introduction of this article.

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