Golang learning common tools for web development

This article will introduce some commonly used tools for web development in Golang learning. These tools can help you develop and deploy web applications more efficiently.

1. Gin Framework

Gin is a fast, flexible, and minimalist Web framework that provides many useful functions, such as middleware, routing functions, and error handling etc., making the development of Web applications easier. Gin adopts the high-performance features of the Go language and can be used to build web applications with high concurrency and high performance.

The use of Gin is very simple. You only need to use the go get command to install it, and then import Gin in the code to start using it. For example:

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{
            "message": "Hello, World!",
        })
    })
    router.Run()
}

The above code creates a simple HTTP server that responds to GET requests for the root path. Gin's default middleware and routing functions are used here, and more functions can be customized to meet more needs.

2. Gorm ORM framework

Gorm is a lightweight ORM framework based on Golang. It provides many useful functions, such as database query, synchronized table structure, insertion, Update, delete, etc. The framework can interact with a variety of relational databases, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, etc.

The use of Gorm is also very simple. You only need to use the go get command to install it, and then import Gorm in the code to start using it. For example:

package main

import (
    "gorm.io/driver/mysql"
    "gorm.io/gorm"
    "log"
)

type User struct {
    gorm.Model
    Name   string
    Age    int
}

func main() {
    dsn := "user:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local"
    db, err := gorm.Open(mysql.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{})
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    // 自动同步表结构
    db.AutoMigrate(&User{})

    // 插入数据
    user := &User{Name: "张三", Age: 18}
    db.Create(user)

    // 查询数据
    var users []*User
    db.Find(&users)
    for _, u := range users {
        log.Println(u.Name, u.Age)
    }
}

The above code uses Gorm to operate the MySQL database, defines a User structure, creates a user, queries all users and prints the output. As you can see, it is very convenient to use Gorm to develop database applications.

3. Viper Configuration Library

Viper is a Go library for configuration management that can easily handle multiple input sources such as configuration files, environment variables, and command line parameters. It supports configuration files in multiple formats, such as JSON, YAML, TOML, etc. Custom formats can also be used.

The use of Viper is also very simple. You only need to use the go get command to install it, and then import Viper in the code to start using it. For example:

package main

import (
    "github.com/spf13/viper"
    "log"
)

type Config struct {
    AppName  string
    LogLevel string
}

func main() {
    viper.SetConfigFile("config.yaml") // 配置文件名
    viper.SetConfigType("yaml") // 配置文件类型
    viper.AddConfigPath(".") // 配置文件路径
    err := viper.ReadInConfig()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    config := Config{
        AppName:  viper.GetString("app.name"),
        LogLevel: viper.GetString("log.level"),
    }

    log.Println(config.AppName, config.LogLevel)
}

The above code uses Viper to read a configuration file named config.yaml, obtain the app.name and log.level attributes, and print the output. As you can see, it is very convenient to use Viper to manage configuration files.

4. Cobra Command Line Library

Cobra is a Go library for creating powerful CLI applications. Cobra makes it easy to define and parse command line parameters, and process Various subcommands, options, etc. By using Cobra, you can create a better interactive command line tool for your applications.

The use of Cobra is also very simple. You only need to use the go get command to install it, and then import Cobra in the code to start using it. For example:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/spf13/cobra"
)

func main() {
    var cmdPrint = &cobra.Command{
        Use:   "print",
        Short: "Print something",
        Long:  "This command print something.",
        Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
            fmt.Println("Print something.")
        },
    }

    var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{Use: "app"}
    rootCmd.AddCommand(cmdPrint)

    err := rootCmd.Execute()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
}

The above code uses Cobra to define a subcommand named print, and defines some basic information and operations for the subcommand, and then defines a root command named app and print Subcommands are added to the root command. As you can see, it is very convenient to use Cobra to create command line tools.

5. Air Hot Loading Tool

Air is an efficient Go hot loading tool that can make code changes while the application is running and automatically recompile and run. Air can help developers test and debug code more easily.

The use of Air is also very simple. You only need to use the go get command to install it, and then execute air in the application directory to start using it. For example:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}

The above code is a simple Hello World program. When using air to run and modify the test, you can see that air will detect code changes in real time and automatically recompile and run, which greatly improves development efficiency.

The above introduces some commonly used tools for web development in Golang learning, including Gin framework, Gorm ORM framework, Viper configuration library, Cobra command line library and Air hot reloading tool. These tools can help developers develop and deploy web applications more efficiently, improving development efficiency and code quality.

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