Practical ways to improve code efficiency in PHP applications using the Cache_Lite library

In PHP applications, in order to improve code efficiency and reduce the number of database accesses, using the Cache_Lite library for caching is a good choice. The Cache_Lite library is a lightweight PHP cache class that supports multiple cache types, including file, memory, APC, Memcache, etc. It is easy to use and fast, and is widely used in various web applications.

This article will introduce practical methods on how to use the Cache_Lite library to improve code efficiency in PHP applications.

1. Install the Cache_Lite library

First you need to install the Cache_Lite library. It can be installed using the PHP Composer tool, or manually downloaded and extracted into the project folder.

Install using Composer:

composer require pear/cache_lite

Manual download:

Download address: https://pear.php.net/package/Cache_Lite/

2. Initialize Cache_Lite object

Before using the Cache_Lite library, you need to initialize a Cache_Lite object. When initializing an object, you need to specify parameters such as cache type, cache directory, cache key prefix, cache validity time, and whether to compress data.

Sample code:

$options = array(
    'cacheDir' => 'path/to/cache/dir',
    'lifeTime' => 3600,
    'automaticSerialization' => true,
    'automaticCleaningFactor' => 20
);
$cache = new Cache_Lite($options);

Parameter description:

• cacheDir: cache directory, which can be a relative path or an absolute path. If set to empty, the system default cache directory is used.
• lifeTime: cache validity time, unit is seconds.
• automaticSerialization: Whether to automatically serialize and deserialize cached data. The default is false.
• automaticCleaningFactor: Automatic cleaning factor, which means that when the stored data exceeds a certain proportion of the cache capacity, expired cached data will be automatically cleaned. The default is 10.

3. Cache data

Cache data using the Cache_Lite library is very simple, just call the set() method.

Sample code:

$key = 'cache_key';
$data = array(...); // 缓存的数据
if (!$cache->get($key)) {
    $cache->set($key, $data);
}

• $key: cache key name, must be a string type.
• $data: Cached data can be any type of data, including strings, arrays, objects, etc.

4. Reading cached data

Reading cached data is also very simple, just call the get() method.

Sample code:

$key = 'cache_key';
if ($cache->get($key)) {
    $data = $cache->get($key);
} else {
    // 如果缓存中没有数据，则从数据库或其他数据源中读取数据
    $data = ...;
    $cache->set($key, $data);
}

5. Delete cached data

When cached data expires or is no longer needed, it needs to be deleted from the cache.

Sample code:

$key = 'cache_key';
if ($cache->get($key)) {
    $cache->remove($key);
}

6. Cache group

The Cache_Lite library also supports the cache group function, which can cache multiple related cache data in groups. And set the cache time at the group level.

Sample code:

$options = array(
    'cacheDir' => 'path/to/cache/dir',
    'lifeTime' => 3600,
    'group' => 'cache_group',
    'groupLifeTime' => 86400
);
$cache = new Cache_Lite($options);

• group: cache group name, must be a string type.
• groupLifeTime: The validity time of the cache group, in seconds.

When using a cache group, the key name of the cached data needs to be prefixed with the group name, for example:

$key1 = 'cache_group_key1';
$data1 = ...;
$cache->set($key1, $data1);

$key2 = 'cache_group_key2';
$data2 = ...;
$cache->set($key2, $data2);

7. Caching precautions

You need to pay attention to the following points when using the Cache_Lite library to cache data:

• The cached data cannot be of resource type (Resource).
• The cached data size cannot exceed the cache capacity.
• If the cached data is passed by reference, the cache object needs to be set to not allow automatic serialization and deserialization.

Sample code:

$options = array(
    'cacheDir' => 'path/to/cache/dir',
    'lifeTime' => 3600,
    'automaticSerialization' => false
);
$cache = new Cache_Lite($options);

• The cache key name should be unique. In order to avoid key name conflicts, you can use namespaces to name key names, for example:

$key = 'cache_ns:key';
$data = ...;
$cache->set($key, $data);

• If you use the same cache file in multiple processes, you need to set a cache file lock. function to avoid data errors caused by multiple processes writing cache files at the same time. You can set the fileLocking parameter to true when initializing the Cache_Lite object. For example:

$options = array(
    'cacheDir' => 'path/to/cache/dir',
    'lifeTime' => 3600,
    'fileLocking' => true
);
$cache = new Cache_Lite($options);

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