Data backup and recovery methods in Linux systems-Linux Operation and Maintenance-php.cn

Data backup and recovery methods in Linux systems

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Release： 2023-06-18 23:40:20

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With the advent of the era of Internet technology and big data, more and more companies are beginning to rely on data to make decisions and promote business development. As an important part of data management, data backup and recovery are of self-evident importance. In Linux systems, data backup and recovery are also essential. The following will introduce in detail the data backup and recovery methods in Linux systems.

1. Backup

tar command

The tar command is the most basic backup command in the Linux system. It can package files or directories into one file. . Its basic syntax is as follows:

tar -cvf

Among them, -c represents creating a new backup file, and -v represents displaying the backup. For detailed information, -f represents the backup file name.

For example, to back up all files and directories under directory /tmp, enter the following command:

tar -cvf backup.tar /tmp

The rsync command is a fast, versatile, remote backup tool that can quickly copy and synchronize files. Its basic syntax is as follows:

rsync -avzp --delete :/

Among them, -a represents Archive mode, synchronizes file permissions and time, including subdirectories; -v means to display synchronization details, -z means to compress the transmission data, and --delete means to delete files that do not exist in the target directory.

For example, to back up the local directory /home/user/ to the directory /home/backup/ of the remote server 192.168.1.100, enter the following command:

rsync -avzp --delete /home/user/ 192.168.1.100:/home/backup/

dd command can back up the entire disk or partition and generate a complete image file. Its basic syntax is as follows:

dd if= of=

where, if represents the input file, which is a disk or partition; of represents The output file is a backup file.

For example, to back up the /dev/sda disk to the backup.img file in the /tmp directory, enter the following command:

dd if=/dev/sda of=/tmp/backup .img

2. Restore

tar command can also be used to restore backup files. Its basic syntax is as follows:

tar -xvf

Among them, -x represents unpacking (restoring) the backup file.

For example, to restore the tmp directory under the backup/backup directory, enter the following command:

tar -xvf backup.tar tmp

The rsync command can also be used to restore backup files from a remote server. Its basic syntax is as follows:

rsync -avzp :/

Among them, is the server where the backup file is located, is the backup directory, and is where the backup file is restored. to the local directory.

For example, to restore the backup from the /home/backup/ directory of the remote server 192.168.1.100 to the local /home/user/backup/ directory, enter the following command:

rsync - avzp 192.168.1.100:/home/backup/ /home/user/backup/

dd command can be used to restore the entire disk from a backup file or Partition, its basic syntax is as follows:

dd if= of=

where, if represents the input file, that is, the backup file; of Represents the output file, which is a disk or partition.

For example, to restore the backup from the backup.img file in the /tmp directory to the /dev/sda disk, you can enter the following command (recovering data is very dangerous and requires caution):

dd if=/tmp/backup.img of=/dev/sda

Summary:

The backup and recovery commands in the Linux system are an integral part of managing data. Backing up data can ensure data security, while restoring data can ensure the normal operation of the business when data is accidentally lost. This article introduces the backup and recovery methods of the tar command, rsync command, and dd command, hoping to provide reference and help for Linux users in data management.

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