Coding Standards in PHP

PHP, as a server-side scripting language, is widely used in Web development, and it is crucial to develop high-quality code. During the development process, code standards are a very important issue. PHP code standards can ensure the readability, maintainability and scalability of the code. This article will introduce coding standards in PHP.

1. Code indentation

PHP code indentation ensures the readability of the code. The commonly used indentation width is 4 spaces. The indentation width not only brings a wider field of view to the readability of the code, but also avoids the situation of the code being indented too deeply.

2. Curly brace format

In PHP, code blocks should be enclosed in braces. It is customary to place the left brace at the end of the code line and the right brace on a separate new line. . This curly brace format avoids unnecessary line breaks in the code and makes it easier to distinguish code blocks.

3. Variable declaration

Variable declaration in PHP should declare a new variable at the beginning of each line and add a comment at the beginning of the file block. At the same time, you should avoid using global variables and try to use local variables and class attributes to control variable scope.

4. Comments

Comments in PHP are an important means to improve readability and maintainability. Comments should clearly describe the function and purpose of the code, be consistent in comment style, and avoid overuse of comments. Commonly used comment forms are:

1. Single-line comments

Single-line comments start with two slashes (//). Comments should be placed before the code to be commented and separated by one line from the code. Comments should not be too long, usually no more than 80 characters per line.

2. Block comment

Block comment starts with "/" and ends with "/". Within comments, comments should not be excessively indented or spaced, and comment blocks should be indented one level earlier. Block comments are used to comment large sections of code or multiple lines of content.

5. Declaration of functions and classes

In the declaration of functions and classes, there should be no space between the function name and the left bracket, and the function parameters should start on the next line, each parameter Occupy one line, with the closing parenthesis immediately following the last argument.

In the declaration of the class, each attribute corresponds to an independent line of code, and each attribute has the same access control qualifier, static modifier, and visibility qualifier. At the same time, the first letter of the class name should be capitalized, and namespaces should be used to organize the code.

6. Naming convention

In PHP, variable names and function names should use lowercase letters, and words should be separated by underscores. Class names use camel case naming with the first letter capitalized.

7. Control structures

Common control structures in PHP include if-else, switch-case, for, while and foreach loops. In these structures, spaces are required after the keywords, and inside the brackets, there can be no spaces after the left bracket and no extra spaces before the right bracket.

In summary, code standards in PHP can effectively improve the readability, maintainability and scalability of the code. There may be differences in coding style, but they all enhance the clarity and readability of the code, making the code more maintainable and extensible. By adhering to standardized coding standards, not only can the code become clearer and easier to understand, but also programming efficiency can be improved, which is an indispensable step in developing high-quality PHP programs.

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