Use PHP to quickly create live broadcast functions

In today's Internet society, live broadcast has become a very popular way of entertainment and social interaction. Major live broadcast platforms such as Douyu and Huya have become essential entertainment tools for many young people, and live broadcast has also become a new way of entrepreneurship. For some companies, institutions or individuals, they may also need to conduct education, publicity and other activities through live broadcast. How to quickly create a live broadcast function is particularly important. As a programming language widely used in web development, PHP can help us quickly build our own live broadcast platform. This article will introduce how to use PHP to quickly create live broadcast functions.

1. The principle of implementing live broadcast

Before we begin, let’s first understand the principle of implementing live broadcast. No matter which live broadcast platform it is, there is a live video streaming server behind it. This server can support multiple live broadcast protocols such as RTMP (Real Time Messaging Protocol) and HLS (HTTP Live Streaming). When the anchor is broadcasting live, he uses live broadcast software or live broadcast tools to transmit the video frames captured by the camera to the streaming media server. The audience watches the live stream through the web page or App provided by the live broadcast platform.

2. Select a streaming media server

To implement the live broadcast function, we first need to choose a reliable streaming media server. Commonly used streaming media servers include Wowza, nginx-rtmp, Red5, etc. Their differences, advantages and disadvantages vary. When choosing a streaming media server, you need to consider factors such as your own needs and budget.

3. Streaming media client in PHP

The core technology needed to implement the live broadcast function in PHP is the RTMP protocol. Although PHP itself does not support the RTMP protocol, it can be implemented through third-party libraries such as PHP-FFMpeg. PHP-FFMpeg is a PHP class library based on FFmpeg. FFmpeg is an open source free video framework that can process audio and video files. PHP-FFMpeg processes audio and video files by calling the API provided by FFmpeg.

We can achieve push and pull streaming through PHP-FFMpeg. Push streaming is to push the video frames captured by the camera to the streaming media server, while pull streaming is to obtain the video stream from the streaming media server for playback. The methods of pushing and pulling streams are as follows:

Push streaming:

$stream = FFMpegFFMpeg::create()->open('rtmp://example.com:1935/live/test');

$video = $stream->getVideoStream(); //获取视频流
$video->setPixelFormat('yuv420p');
$video->streamSart();

$audio = $stream->getAudioStream(); //获取音频流
$audio->streamStart();

Pull streaming:

$video = $stream->addFilter('scale=640:480')
                ->addOption('-c:v', 'libx264')
                ->addOption('-preset', 'veryfast')
                ->addOption('-tune', 'zerolatency')
                ->addOption('-pix_fmt', 'yuv420p')
                ->addOption('-c:a', 'aac')
                ->addOption('-strict', 'experimental')
                ->addOption('-f', 'flv')
                ->addOption('-maxrate', '1000k')
                ->addOption('-bufsize', '2000k')
                ->addOption('-r', '30')
                ->addOption('-g', '60')
                ->addOption('-b:v','700k')
                ->synchronize();

header('Content-Type: video/x-flv');
echo $video->open()->readAll();

4. Build a live broadcast platform

It costs so much We need time and energy to operate the streaming media server, and we also need an efficient and beautiful live broadcast page to display our live broadcast content. For this purpose, we can choose to use some ready-made live broadcast platform frameworks, such as SRS (Simple RTMP Server), Ant Media, etc. These frameworks provide us with convenient live broadcast function modules, such as gifts, barrages, interactions, etc., which greatly simplify the development difficulty of live broadcast platforms.

When choosing a live broadcast platform framework, we need to pay attention to the stability, ease of use, compatibility and other factors of the framework. At the same time, we also need to determine whether we need to customize some functional modules based on our business needs.

5. Summary

Through the introduction of this article, we have learned how to use PHP to quickly create a live broadcast function. During the implementation process, you need to learn and apply technologies such as RTMP protocol, streaming media server, PHP-FFMpeg, and live broadcast platform framework. It is worth mentioning that this article is only an example, and actual application requires a more in-depth understanding and mastery of related technologies. It is hoped that readers can continuously improve their technical level through learning and practice according to their own needs.

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