How to set git settings

Git is a very popular version control tool that is widely used in software development and team collaboration. When using Git, we sometimes need to set it up a bit to meet our specific needs. This article will introduce how to set Git settings.

1. What are the settings of Git?

Before introducing how to set the settings of Git, we need to first understand what the settings of Git are. Git settings mainly include two types: global settings and project settings.

1. Global settings: This setting is for the entire Git client, that is, it is valid for all projects.

Common global settings include:

• User name and email address
• Default remote repository URL
• Git behavior and Appearance configuration
• Text editor and merge tool settings, etc.

2. Project settings: This setting only affects the current project and will not affect other projects.

Common project settings include:

• Ignore certain files (such as log files or temporary files)
• Perform hook operations
• Specify the default branch
• Configure Git Submodule, etc.

2. How to set Git settings

1. Global settings

Set global user name and email address

In Git, every commit records which user made it. In order for Git to know which user made the commit, we need to configure the user name and email address. We can use the following command to set the global user name and email address:

$ git config --global user.name "Your Name"
$ git config --global user.email "your_email@example.com"

Note: here user.name and user.email are common Git configuration items, and you can also set other options. Additionally, the --global parameter applies this setting to the entire Git client.

Set the default remote warehouse URL

In Git, we can set a default GitHub remote warehouse URL to avoid the trouble of entering the URL of the remote warehouse every time we push. You can use the following command to set the default remote warehouse URL:

$ git remote add origin git@github.com:username/repo.git
$ git push -u origin master

The remote warehouse added here is named origin, and the default remote warehouse is specified as origin through push -u.

Text editor and merge tool settings

When using Git, we need to modify and merge files from time to time. Therefore, we need to set up a text editor and merging tools to facilitate our operations. You can use the following commands to set up the text editor and merge tool:

$ git config --global core.editor emacs
$ git config --global merge.tool vimdiff

Here we set the text editor to emacs and the merge tool to vimdiff.

2. Project settings

Ignore files

There are some files that we do not need to track and synchronize, such as temporary files generated by the system, etc., and these files The naming format may not be fixed. At this time we can set up a .gitignore file to record the files and paths that need to be ignored. You can use the following command to set ignored files:

$ touch .gitignore
$ echo '*.log' >> .gitignore

Here we create a new .gitignore file in the current project directory and set it to ignore all .log files.

Configuring Git Submodule

In some large projects, we may need to manage multiple subprojects at the same time. You can use Git Submodule to manage subprojects as a new remote repository. You can use the following command to add a Submodule:

$ git submodule add git://example.com/another/repo.git sub/project

Here, another warehouse is added to the project directory as a subproject.

Set hook operations

Using Git hooks (hook) can help us automatically execute some scripts or operations when Git performs some key operations. For example, when submitting code, you can set up pre-commit hooks to automatically run some code inspection tools. You can use the following command to set up the hook operation:

$ touch .git/hooks/pre-commit
$ chmod +x .git/hooks/pre-commit

Here we created an empty pre-commit file in the .git/hooks directory and gave it execution permissions.

3. Summary

This article introduces how to set Git settings, including global settings and project settings. Understanding Git settings can help us better use Git for version control and team collaboration. Hope this article can help you.

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