Garbled characters in mysql

MySQL is a commonly used relational database that is widely used in websites, business applications, data analysis, and data warehouses. However, in the process of using MySQL, you may encounter the problem of Chinese garbled characters. This article will discuss and solve this problem.

1. Introduction to MySQL Chinese encoding

There are three commonly used Chinese encodings for MySQL: utf8, gbk, and latin1. They correspond to different character sets respectively. Among them, utf8 can support the widest character set, which includes most of the Unicode character set. This is the main reason why utf8 has become the most popular MySQL character set.

2. Reasons for Chinese garbled characters

1. Incorrect encoding settings
   In MySQL, if the character set setting is incorrect, it may cause Chinese garbled characters. For example, if the character set of MySQL is set to GBK, but the actual operation uses UTF-8 encoding, garbled characters may appear.
2. Inconsistent environment encoding
   When the MySQL client connects, it will pass the current environment encoding to the MySQL server. If the environment encodings of the client and the server are inconsistent, garbled characters will occur.
3. Database backup and restore problem
   When backing up the MySQL database, if the character set is not specified or the specified character set is inconsistent with the character set actually used by the data, garbled characters will appear when restoring the database.

3. Solution

1. Modify the MySQL character set
   You can solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters by modifying the MySQL character set. You can add the following configuration to the my.cnf file:

[client]
default-character-set = utf8

[mysql]
default-character- set = utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8

2. Modify the connection encoding
   Yes Use the set names command or specify the encoding when connecting to the client to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters. For example:

SET NAMES utf8;
mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p --default-character-set utf8

3. Specify the character set when backing up and restoring the database
   When backing up the MySQL database, you can use the following command to back up the data:

mysqldump -hlocalhost -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 dbname > dbname.sql

When restoring the database, specify the character set:

mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 dbname < dbname.sql

4. Summary

Chinese garbled characters are a common problem when using MySQL. They are mainly caused by incorrect encoding settings, inconsistent environment encoding, database backup and restore problems, etc. This problem can be solved by modifying the MySQL character set, modifying the connection encoding, and specifying the character set for database backup and restore. I hope this article will help you solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters in MySQL.

The above is the detailed content of Garbled characters in mysql. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!