linux vim has 3 working modes: 1. Command mode (command mode), you can use the direction keys (up, down, left and right keys) or k, j, h, i By moving the cursor position, you can also copy, paste, replace, delete and other operations on the file content. 2. In input mode, you can write content to the file, similar to entering text in a document on Windows systems. Edit mode allows operations such as saving, searching, or replacing specific content in the file.
What is vi?
vi is the abbreviation of Visual Editor;
is a text editor under the command line interface;
in the early Unix operating system , all use vi as the default editor of the system
So what is vim?
Abbreviation of Vi IMproved;
Upgraded version of Vi;
The biggest difference between Vim and Vi is that when we edit a text At this time, vi will not display colors, but vim will display colors
Vim can be used for program editing, such as shell scripts, C language, etc., so it can be regarded as a program editor
Then the CentOS system we installed already has the vim command, so there is no need to install it; if there is no vim command in the Linux system, then you need to use the command yum install -y vim-enhanced after being connected to the Internet to do it yourself. Install.
Three working modes of vim
When using Vim to edit files, there are three working modes, namely command mode, input mode and editing mode, these 3 working modes can be switched at will, as shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Vim’s three working modes
Vim’s command mode
When using Vim to edit files, the default is Command mode. In this mode, you can use the direction keys (up, down, left, right keys) or k, j, h, i to move the cursor position, and you can also copy, paste, replace, delete and other operations on the file content.
Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of Vim in command mode in CentOS 6.x system.
Figure 2 Vim in command state
Vim’s input mode
In input mode, Vim can execute files The writing operation is similar to typing in a document on Windows systems.
The way to put Vim into input mode is to enter i, I, a, A, o, O and other insertion commands in the command mode state (the specific functions of each command are shown in Table 3). When editing a file Press Esc when finished to return to command mode.
| Shortcut keys | Function description |
|---|---|
| i | Insert the subsequently entered text at the current cursor position, and the text after the cursor moves to the right accordingly |
| I | Insert the line where the cursor is Insert the text entered subsequently at the beginning of the line. The beginning of the line is the first non-blank character of the line, which is equivalent to moving the cursor to the beginning of the line and executing the i command |
| o | Insert a new line below the line where the cursor is. The cursor stops at the beginning of the empty line, waiting for the input text |
| O | to insert a new line above the line where the cursor is. The cursor stops at the beginning of the empty line, waiting for input text |
| a | Inserts the subsequently entered text after the current cursor position |
| A | Insert the subsequently entered text at the end of the line where the cursor is located, which is equivalent to moving the cursor to the end of the line and then executing the a command |
Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of Vim in input mode.
Figure 3 Vim in input mode
Vim’s editing mode
The editing mode is used to edit the specified content in the file Perform operations such as save, find, or replace.
The way to switch Vim to edit mode is to press the ":" key in the command mode state. At this time, a ":" symbol appears in the lower left corner of the Vim window, and then you can enter relevant instructions for operation. .
After the command is executed, Vim will automatically return to the command mode. If you want to return directly to command mode, just press Esc.
Figure 4 shows the state after Vim enters editing mode.
Figure 4 Vim in editing mode
For novices, they often don’t know what mode they are in. You can return to command mode by pressing the Esc key once, either because you forgot or accidentally switched modes. After hearing "beep————" several times, it means you have entered the command mode.
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