golang has no classes

Overview

Go language is a fast, open source programming language developed by Google in the early 21st century. It soon became popular among programmers and became one of the most popular programming languages ​​today. However, unlike other programming languages, Go language does not have the concept of classes. This article will delve into the reasons why Go language does not have classes, and what Go language uses to replace classes.

Is the Go language object-oriented?

In the Go language, there is no concept of classes, so some people classify the Go language as a non-object-oriented programming language. However, this is not entirely true. Although the Go language does not have classes, it still supports object-oriented programming.

The structure (struct) in Go language can be regarded as a lightweight class. Structures are similar to classes in that they can encapsulate properties and methods, but the differences between them are also obvious. First, structures cannot be inherited. Secondly, structures can only contain methods, not fields. In the Go language, properties are defined as fields of a structure, and methods are associated with the structure and become methods of the structure. This is different from other programming languages ​​that define both properties and methods of a class.

So, why does Go language have no concept of class?

1. Reduce complexity

Compared with other programming languages, Go language pays more attention to concise and clear code. In order to reduce code complexity as much as possible, Go language recommends simple ways to solve problems. The concept of a lightweight class like a structure was created to reduce the complexity of the code.

2. Respect composition and interface

In the Go language, composition and interface are very important concepts. Composition means that a structure contains another structure or a structure pointer to obtain its properties and methods. An interface is an abstract type that defines a set of methods. Any type that implements this set of methods can be called an instance of the interface type. Through the use of these two concepts, polymorphism and code reuse can be easily achieved, so the concept of classes is not needed in the Go language.

3. Thread safety and performance

One of the design goals of the Go language is to ensure thread safety while maintaining high performance. The class inheritance mechanism does not take into account the concurrency between threads. In the Go language, Go goroutine and channel are used to handle concurrent programming. These mechanisms can ensure thread safety and efficiency.

What replacement class should be used?

In the Go language, structures and methods are used to replace classes. Structures can define their own properties and methods to encapsulate certain behaviors and logic. In order to avoid the complexity of class inheritance, the Go language introduces the concepts of interfaces and composition, which can better achieve polymorphism and code reuse. In the Go language, similar functions can be achieved through interfaces and combinations without the need for a class inheritance mechanism.

Conclusion

As mentioned in this article, although the Go language does not have the concept of classes, it still supports object-oriented programming. The structures and methods in the Go language provide a lightweight class that can encapsulate properties and methods, but there is no class inheritance. Polymorphism and code reuse can be achieved through the Go language's approach to composition and interfaces. One of the design goals of the Go language is that the code is concise, easy to read, and easy to maintain. By not using a complex class inheritance mechanism, code complexity and inefficiency are avoided. In the Go language, clear, readable, and efficient code can be achieved through the use of structures, methods, combinations, and interfaces.

The above is the detailed content of golang has no classes. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!