golang sends rpc request

Golang, as an efficient and lightweight programming language, has become more and more popular among developers in recent years. Among them, RPC (Remote Procedure Call) is an important network communication technology in Golang, which can realize data transmission and communication across the network. In this article, we will introduce how Golang sends RPC requests.

What is RPC?

RPC stands for Remote Procedure Call, which refers to the process of calling another computer process from one computer process through the network. RPC makes program calls between different computers as convenient as function calls in native programs. For example, in some cases we need to call a function on one server on another server. Using RPC technology, we can easily implement this process.

RPC in Golang

In Golang, we can use RPC to achieve cross-network communication and data transmission. In Golang, when communicating through RPC, we need to define an interface, which contains methods we want to expose to other processes to call.

Taking a simple example, we define an interface on the server side as follows:

type Arithmetic int

func (t *Arithmetic) Multiply(args *Args, reply *int) error {
    *reply = args.A * args.B
    return nil
}

Next, we need to implement the RPC server code:

import (
    "net"
    "net/rpc"
)

func main() {
    // 1.注册服务
    arith := new(Arithmetic)
    rpc.Register(arith)

    // 2.网络监听
    listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":1234")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("ListenTCP error:", err)
        return
    }

    // 3.启动监听
    for {
        conn, err := listener.Accept()
        if err != nil {
            fmt.Println("Accept error:", err)
            continue
        }
        // 4.服务端处理请求
        go rpc.ServeConn(conn)
    }
}

Next, We need to send an RPC request on the client:

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/rpc"
)

type Args struct {
    A, B int
}

func main() {
    // 1.连接rpc服务端
    client, err := rpc.Dial("tcp", "127.0.0.1:1234")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Dial error:", err)
        return
    }

    args := &Args{7, 8}
    var reply int

    // 2.客户端发送请求
    err = client.Call("Arithmetic.Multiply", args, &reply)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Call error:", err)
        return
    }

    fmt.Println("7*8=", reply)
}

In the client code, we first need to connect to the RPC server through the rpc.Dial function. Next, we define a structure of type Args to transmit the two numbers that need to be calculated. When sending an RPC request, we call the client.Call method and pass the function name we want to call and the parameters that need to be transmitted, and finally save the result in reply.

Summary

In Golang, RPC is an important technology for realizing cross-network transmission and communication. By defining custom interfaces and methods, we can implement RPC server and client. In practical applications, we need to choose appropriate network protocols and transmission methods based on actual needs so that our applications can run more efficiently and stably.

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