How to perform internationalization and localization of PHP?

With the continuous development of the Internet, the needs of the global market are becoming more and more important, and PHP, as a programming language widely used in Web application development, increasingly needs to be internationalized and localized to adapt to different needs. User needs of countries and regions. This article will introduce the basic knowledge and implementation methods of PHP's internationalization and localization processing.

1. Basic knowledge of internationalization and localization

1.1 Internationalization

Internationalization refers to taking into account the usage habits of different regions and languages ​​during the software development process , the process of enabling software to adapt to different language and cultural environments. In internationalization, it is necessary to provide resources such as text and pictures in different languages, and to make the format and structure of the program independent of language, so that the software has good portability and scalability.

1.2 Localization

Localization refers to translating the text, pictures and other content in the software into the language of the target region after the software development is completed, and customizing it to adapt to the region. process of culture and customs. Localization can enhance the user experience of the software and enhance the competitiveness of the software in the target market.

2. PHP’s internationalization processing

2.1 Use PHP built-in functions for internationalization processing

PHP provides some built-in functions to help developers with internationalization processing. Such as the following functions:

• setlocale() function: Set the regional settings of the program so that information such as date, time, currency, and numbers can be correctly displayed in different regions and language environments.
• strftime() function: Format date and time into localized format according to the set regional settings.
• gettext() function: Get the localized translation text. You can add the predefined text string line by line to an object of the getTranslator() class for translation.
• ngettext() function: Get the plural form of localized translation text.

2.2 Use the PHP framework for internationalization processing

The PHP framework also provides support for internationalization processing. Specifically, in the Yii2 framework, internationalization processing can be carried out through the following steps:

• Set the language parameters in the basic configuration file, such as 'language' => 'zh-CN', specify the use Simplified Chinese.
• Set the translation namespace in the controller, such as Yii::setAlias('messages', '@app/messages/zh-CN'), specifying the use of Chinese translation files.
• In the translation file, use key-value pairs for text translation, such as 'siteTitle' => 'My Website' to translate the website title into Chinese.

2.3 Use third-party tools for internationalization processing

In addition to using PHP built-in functions and frameworks for internationalization processing, you can also use third-party tools for internationalization processing. The more popular tools include:

• POEdit: a cross-platform translation editor for editing localization files in gettext format.
• xgettext: A command line tool used to extract text marked with gettext function symbols and generate localization files.

3. PHP localization processing

3.1 Use PHP built-in functions for localization processing

PHP provides some built-in functions to help developers with localization Processing, such as the following functions:

• number_format() function: Format the number into a localized format according to the set regional settings.
• money_format() function: Format the currency into a localized format according to the set regional settings.
• strtotime() function: Convert localized date and time strings to Unix timestamps according to the set regional settings.

3.2 Use third-party libraries for localization processing

In addition to using PHP built-in functions for localization processing, you can also use third-party libraries for localization processing. Among them, the more popular libraries are:

• Intl: a PHP extension that provides a series of functions and classes for internationalization processing.
• Symfony/Locale: The localization library in the Symfony framework provides a series of classes and methods to handle localization issues.

4. Summary

The content of this article is to introduce the basic knowledge and implementation methods of PHP's internationalization and localization processing. When performing internationalization and localization, it is necessary to take into account the differences in different languages ​​and cultures, and use appropriate tools and methods to ensure that the software can run and display correctly in different regions and language environments.

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