Experimental environment

•A minimally installed centos 7.3 virtual machine
•Configuration: 1 core/512mb
•nginx version 1.12.2

1. Configure the hotlink website

1. Start an nginx virtual machine and configure two websites

vim /etc/nginx/conf .d/vhosts.conf

Add the following content

server { listen 80; server_name site1.test.com; root /var/wwwroot/site1; index index.html; location / { } } server { listen 80; server_name site2.test.com; root /var/wwwroot/site2; index index.html; location / { } }

2. Edit c:\windows\system32\ on the host machine drivers\etc\hosts file

192.168.204.11 site1.test.com
192.168.204.11 site2.test.com

##3 .Create the website root directory

mkdir /var/wwwroot cd /var/wwwroot mkdir site1 mkdir site2 echo -e "
site1
" >> site1/index.html echo -e "
site2
" >> site2/index.html

4.Upload 1.jpg to the /var/wwwroot/site1 directory

systemctl restart nginx netstat -anpt | grep nginx

setenforce 0 firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload

##2. Configure site1.test.com to prevent hotlinking

1. Edit the nginx configuration file

server { listen 80; server_name site1.test.com; root /var/wwwroot/site1; index index.html; location / { } location ~ \.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)$ { valid_referers site1.test.com; if ($invalid_referer) { return 403; } } } server { listen 80; server_name site2.test.com; root /var/wwwroot/site2; index index.html; location / { } }

2. Restart the nginx service

systemctl restart nginx

3. On the host machine, visit

to clear the browser cache, and visit

to clear the browser cache. , visit

It can be seen that the anti-hotlinking configuration plays a role

3. Configure anti-hotlinking to return other resources

1. Edit nginx configuration file

Add a virtual host and rewrite the resources protected by anti-hotlinking

server { listen 80; server_name site1.test.com; root /var/wwwroot/site1; index index.html; location / { } location ~ \.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg)$ { valid_referers site1.test.com; if ($invalid_referer) { rewrite ^/ http://site3.test.com/notfound.jpg; #return 403; } } } server { listen 80; server_name site2.test.com; root /var/wwwroot/site2; index index.html; location / { } } server { listen 80; server_name site3.test.com; root /var/wwwroot/site3; index index.html; location / { } }

valid_referers site1.test.com *.nginx.org; is a whitelist, separated by spaces, and * can be used to set the pan-domain name.

rewrite ^/ ; is a rewrite resource. If it does not meet the whitelist, it will be rewritten to this address.
return 403; means the returned status code is 403.


2. Create the site3 root directory

cd /var/wwwroot mkdir site3 echo -e "
site3
" >> site3/index.html

4. Restart nginx service

systemctl restart nginx

5. Edit c:\windows\system32\ on the host machine drivers\etc\hosts file

Add mapping to site3.test.com

192.168.204.11 site1.test.com

192.168.204.11 site3.test.com

6. Visit

on the host machine and you can see that site1 was stolen in site2 The 1.jpg file was redirected to the notfound.jpg file on site3

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