How to implement a hotel management system using Java code
1. Requirements Analysis
If we want to implement a hotel management system, we need to first analyze the business requirements of the hotel management system:
1. What functions does the hotel management system need to implement?
(1) Enter a command to query all rooms in the hotel;
(2) Enter the number of a certain room to make a reservation;
(3) Enter the number of a certain room to check out;
(4) Enter a certain command to exit the hotel management system;
2. What data structure does the hotel management system use to represent rooms?
(1) The hotel management system uses arrays to store rooms. Here we use a two-dimensional array to represent them;
3. What attributes do we have for hotel rooms?
(1) Room number;
(2) Room type;
(3) Whether the room is free;
4. What do we use to control the room class with the above attributes? ?
(1) We can use custom annotations to achieve this;
2. Drawing analysis
3. Code structure
4. Code implementation
/** 自定义注解类:该类作用在房间类上。 */ @Retention(RUNTIME) // 用该注解表示此自定义注解可以被外部映射到 @Target(TYPE) // 用该注解表示此自定义注解只可以作用在类上 public @interface ProperyAnnotation {}
/** 当自定义注解类作用在房间实体类上时,该类是用来判断房间实体类上是否有:房间编号、房间类型、房间是否空闲这些属性的。 */ public class ProperyAnnotationToJudge { // 判断ProperyAnnotation注解的某个类中是否有某些属性的方法 public static void Judge () { try { // 使用反射机制来反射Room类 // 我这里的房间Room类放到了test包下,您可以自定义它的路径。 Class<?> c = Class.forName("test.Room"); // 判断Room类上是否存在@ProperyAnnotation注解 if (c.isAnnotationPresent(ProperyAnnotation.class)) { // 如果Room类上存在@ProperyAnnotation注解就获取这个Room类中的全部属性 Field[] fields = c.getFields(); boolean isExist = false; for (Field field : fields) { // 如果Room类中存在房间编号、房间类型、房间是否空闲这些属性,就让isExist=true,否则抛出异常 if (item.getName().equals("rId") && item.getType().getSimpleName().equals("Integer")) { for (Field item1 : fields) { if (item1.getName().equals("rType") && item1.getType().getSimpleName().equals("String")) { for (Field item2 : fields) { if (item2.getName().equals("rFree") && item2.getType().getSimpleName().equals("Boolean")) { isExist = true; break; } } } } } } if (!isExist) { throw new ProperyException("Room类中不存在房间编号、房间类型、房间是否空闲这些属性"); } } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
/** 当ProperyAnnotation注解作用的房间实体类中没有房间编号、房间类型、房间是否空闲这些属性时,此类为抛出的异常类。 */ public class ProperyException extends RuntimeException { private static final long serialVersionUID = -8343113740914228496L; public ProperyException () {} public ProperyException (String msg) {super(msg);} }
/** Room房间实体类 */ @ProperyAnnotation public class Room { private Integer rId; // 房间编号 private String rType; // 房间类型 private Boolean rFree; // 房间是否空闲 public Room () {} public Room (Integer rId, String rType, Boolean rFree) { this.rId = rId; this.rType = rType; this.rFree = rFree; } protected Integer getrId() { return rId; } protected void setrId(Integer rId) { this.rId = rId; } protected String getrType() { return rType; } protected void setrType(String rType) { this.rType = rType; } protected Boolean getrFree() { return rFree; } protected void setrFree(Boolean rFree) { this.rFree = rFree; } @Override public String toString() { return "Room [" + rId + ", " + rType + ", "+ (rFree ? "有人入住" : "无人入住")+"]"; } }
/** 酒店管理实体类:用来管理房间的,其中包括查看所有房间状态、订房、退房功能。 */ public class Hotel { // 这里需要定义一个二维数组来表示房间,因为我们设想的酒店有很多层,且每层有很多你发件。 private static Room[][] rooms; public Hotel () { // 这里定义酒店为5层,且每层有9个房间 rooms = new Room[5][9]; // 这里我们来设置酒店的房间,由于酒店的房间很多,所以我们使用for循环来分别设置每个楼层。 for (int m = 0 ; m < rooms.length ; m ++) { for (int n = 0 ; n < rooms[m].length ; n ++) { // 第一层 if (m == 0) { /* 这里我们的房间编号这样设置: 如果是是酒店的第一层楼的第一个房间,我们将房间编号设置成:101 我规定我们的酒店的楼层为1~5层; 我规定我们的酒店的第一个房间为1 所以如果我们用二维数组来表示酒店的楼层和第几个房间时,因为我们的二维数组的横纵坐标都是从0开始的,所以我们需要分别加上1,此时房间编号的表达式就为: (m + 1) * 100 + n + 1 当m = 0时: n = 0:房间编号为101; n = 1:房间编号为102; n = 2;房间编号为103; ... 当m = 1时: n = 0:房间编号为201; n = 1:房间编号为202; ... ... */ rooms[m][n] = new Room((m + 1) * 100 + n + 1, "单人豪华房", false); } // 第二层 if (m == 1) { rooms[m][n] = new Room((m + 1) * 100 + n + 1, "双人豪华房", false); } // 第三层 if (m == 2) { rooms[m][n] = new Room((m + 1) * 100 + n + 1, "三人豪华房", false); } // 第四层 if (m == 3) { rooms[m][n] = new Room((m + 1) * 100 + n + 1, "三人豪华房", false); } // 第五层 if (m == 4) { rooms[m][n] = new Room((m + 1) * 100 + n + 1, "三人豪华房", false); } } } } // 查看所有房间状态 public void queryAllRooms () { for (int m = 0 ; m < rooms.length ; m ++) { for (int n = 0 ; n < rooms[m].length ; n ++) { System.out.println(rooms[m][n].toString()); } } } // 使用房间编号订房 public void makeRoom (int rId) { Room room = rooms[rId / 100 - 1][rId % 100 - 1]; // 如果该编号的房间已经有人订了 if (room.getrFree() == true) { System.out.println("抱歉,请您订购其他房间,此房间已经有人居住!"); } else { room.setrFree(true); System.out.println("订房完成"); } } // 使用房间编号退房 public void existRoom (int rId) { Room room = rooms[rId / 100 - 1][rId % 100 - 1]; // 如果该编号的房间本来就没有人居住 if (room.getrFree() == false) { System.out.println("抱歉,请您退订其他房间,该房间没有人居住不需要退订!"); } else { room.setrFree(false); System.out.println("退房完成"); } } }
/** 酒店的操作测试类: */ public class Test { public static void main (String[] args) { ProperyAnnotationToJudge.Judge(); Hotel hotel = new Hotel(); System.out.println("欢迎使用酒店管理系统,请认真阅读以下使用说明:"); System.out.println("请输入对应的功能编号:[1]查看房间列表; [2]订房; [3]退房; [0]退出系统"); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); while (true) { System.out.print("请输入功能编号:"); Integer i = scanner.nextInt(); if (i == 1) { hotel.queryAllRooms(); System.out.println("酒店所有的房间已经加载完毕!"); } else if (i == 2) { System.out.print("请输入房间编号,房间编号为101~110、201~210、301~310、401~410、501~510:"); Integer rId = scanner.nextInt(); if (rId >= 101 && rId <= 110 || rId >= 201 && rId <= 210 || rId >= 301 && rId <= 310 || rId >= 401 && rId <= 410 || rId >= 501 && rId <= 510) { hotel.makeRoom(rId); } else { System.out.println("请输入正确的房间编号!"); } } else if (i == 3) { System.out.print("请输入房间编号,房间编号为101~110、201~210、301~310、401~410、501~510:"); Integer rId = scanner.nextInt(); if (rId >= 101 && rId <= 110 || rId >= 201 && rId <= 210 || rId >= 301 && rId <= 310 || rId >= 401 && rId <= 410 || rId >= 501 && rId <= 510) { hotel.existRoom(rId); } else { System.out.println("请输入正确的房间编号!"); } } else if (i == 0) { System.out.println("成功退出酒店管理系统!"); scanner.close(); return; } else { System.out.println("请仔细阅读使用说明,输入正确的功能编号"); } } } }
Output result:
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