What to do if golang websocket fails

Golang, as a high-performance language, has always been favored by developers. In the field of network programming, Golang also has its own unique advantages, among which WebSocket technology is undoubtedly one of them. WebSocket makes it easier to create a real-time, two-way communication channel. However, in actual use, WebSocket connection failures sometimes occur. Next, let’s discuss some common problems with Golang WebSocket and their solutions.

WebSocket connection is not responding

WebSocket connection fails. The most common error is that the connection is not responding. This situation is usually caused by the server not processing the client request. In this case, if the server does not return any data, the client will wait forever.

The solution to this situation is to determine whether the WebSocket functions have been implemented correctly. At the same time, check whether the server is running normally, whether the port is opened correctly, etc.

WebSocket cross-domain connection failed

Due to the browser's same-origin policy, WebSocket's cross-domain connection requires special handling. Otherwise, you will receive a CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) error. This error means that the server does not allow requests for data from different sources. In this case, even if the client has successfully connected, it will be closed due to the browser security mechanism.

In order to solve this problem, we need to set some parameters on the server. First, add some special information to the response header to tell the browser that it can accept requests from specific sources. For example, the following code can allow requests from all domains:

w.Header().Set("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*")

In addition to setting Access-Control-Allow-Origin, we can also set other response header information, such as Access-Control-Allow-Credentials is used to tell the browser whether to allow sending cookies and other information.

WebSocket SSL connection failed

When using the WebSocket protocol, if you need to encrypt the transmitted data, you must use the SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) protocol. When making an SSL connection, you may encounter a situation where the certificate is not trusted, causing the connection to fail. This problem can be solved by updating the certificate.

At the same time, we can also temporarily solve this problem by ignoring the certificate check. Although this solution is feasible, it will reduce the browser's trust in the server, so it is only suitable for development and testing environments.

WebSocket read and write timeout

During WebSocket communication, if the client or server does not respond for some reason, the timeout mechanism will be triggered. By default, WebSocket timeout in Golang is 60s.

However, in some special cases, a longer timeout may be required. To this end, we can set the HandshakeTimeout parameter when creating a connection to specify the timeout, for example:

timeOut := time.Duration(30) * time.Second
wsDialer := websocket.Dialer{HandshakeTimeout: timeOut}

WebSocket connection disconnection

During WebSocket communication, there are The connection may be disconnected due to network instability or connection timeout. If the client or server does not detect this situation, the other party will still think that the connection is valid and will encounter errors in subsequent communications.

To solve this problem, we can maintain a long-term connection through the heartbeat mechanism. The heartbeat mechanism usually refers to sending an empty packet or a predetermined period of data within a certain period of time to detect whether the connection is still valid. If no reply is received, the connection is considered disconnected and handled accordingly.

The above are some common problems and solutions in Golang WebSocket technology. Of course, these problems may not necessarily appear in every use scenario you use, but if you encounter these problems, the methods described in this article can help you.

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