How to implement soap in golang

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is an XML-based protocol used for communication between applications in a distributed environment. When implementing SOAP, you often need to choose a programming language to implement the protocol itself and its related operations. In this regard, the Go language, as a statically typed programming language, is very suitable for implementing the SOAP protocol.

1. The basic concept of SOAP

SOAP first appeared in 1998. It is an open information exchange protocol based on XML, which introduces communication between distributed applications based on the Web. the concept of. Larger, complex data types can be transmitted through the SOAP protocol. The main application scenarios of the SOAP protocol include: remote procedure call (RPC), service-oriented architecture (SOA), etc.

The SOAP protocol consists of three parts:

1. Header: The header is optional in the SOAP message and is used to set context, authentication, etc. before SOAP protocol-related operations.

2. Text: The text is required in the SOAP message. It is used to transmit data related to the SOAP message.

3. Failure: The failure message is optional and is used to provide failure reporting information when the SOAP operation fails or an exception occurs.

2. Selection of golang SOAP library

Golang is a statically typed programming language. It is characterized by high efficiency and few dependencies. It is very suitable for implementing and developing Web services. Golang has its own SOAP library, called Go-SOAP, which is a lightweight and easy-to-use SOAP library.

When using the Go-SOAP library, we can choose the following different libraries:

1. github.com/tiaguinho/gosoap
2. github.com/ hooklift/gowsdl
3. github.com/shutej/go2xmlrpc

3. Steps to implement SOAP in golang

1. Install the corresponding library

Before using the Go-SOAP library, you need to install Golang and set the corresponding path in the environment variable. Next, you need to download the Go-SOAP library. Among them, github.com/tiaguinho/gosoap is the most commonly used one in the Go-SOAP library. You can directly use the go get command to download it locally:

go get github.com/tiaguinho/gosoap

2. Define SOAP request

When defining a SOAP request, we need to use the Go structure type to define the XML message body. SOAP requests have two attributes: method and parameters. The method defines the name of the service method to be called, and the parameters define the parameter values ​​of the called service method.

Here is an example of constructing a SOAP request to the National Bureau of Statistics to obtain national GDP data:

type GetGDPRequest struct {

Year int `xml:"Year"`

}

type GetGDPResponse struct {

XMLName xml.Name `xml:"GetGDPResponse"`
GetGDPResult float64 `xml:"GetGDPResult"`

}

type GDPService struct {

Client *soap.Client

}

func NewGDPService() *GDPService {

return &GDPService{
    Client: soap.NewClient("http://www.stats.gov.cn/nbsuisswsxxcx/xxcx/ydgdp_lrsj/"),
}

}

func (service *GDPService) GetGDP(year int) (float64, error) {

res := &GetGDPResponse{}
if err := service.Client.Call("GetGDP", GetGDPRequest{Year: year}, res); err != nil {
    return 0, err
}
return res.GetGDPResult, nil

}

3. Send SOAP request

When sending a SOAP request, we need to send the constructed request content to the server. After obtaining the server response, parse it into the corresponding XML data. Finally, we can convert it to a concrete data type of the Go language.

The following is a code example to request the National Bureau of Statistics to obtain 2019 national GDP data:

func main() {

gdpService := NewGDPService()
gdp, err := gdpService.GetGDP(2019)
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println(err)
    return
}
fmt.Println("2019年全国GDP数据是：", gdp)

}

4. Comparison between SOAP and RESTful

Although SOAP and RESTful are both protocols for web services, there are many differences between them. The following are the main differences between SOAP and RESTful:

1. Different transmission methods: SOAP uses XML to transmit data between the server and the client, while RESTful uses formats such as JSON for data transmission.
2. Different overheads: During the data transmission process, SOAP needs to transmit a series of requests including headers, bodies, faults, etc. During the data transmission process of the RESTful protocol, the format of the request and response is very concise.
3. Different performance: Because SOAP contains a large amount of request and response information, including headers, bodies, faults, etc., the performance of SOAP is much slower than RESTful when transmitting large data.

To sum up, when choosing a Web service protocol, you should choose it according to the specific situation, taking into account factors such as its overhead and performance.

5. Summary

In distributed systems, due to the complexity of various services, we often need to use the SOAP protocol. Golang is a statically typed programming language, and its library Go-SOAP can also easily implement the SOAP protocol. Whether it is in terms of the amount of data transmitted or performance, using Golang to implement the SOAP protocol can achieve good performance.

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