With the continuous development of Internet technology, PHP, as a development language, has quickly become the first choice for developers. However, as the size of the program continues to increase, the traditional MVC framework will also encounter many problems during development.

Therefore, more and more developers are beginning to explore some framework-free architectures, and at the same time, they are constantly promoting the development of PHP itself, making PHP a better programming language.

In this article, we will explore some methods and techniques for writing PHP code without a framework.

1. PHP natively implements the MVC pattern

The MVC pattern is a very popular design pattern in current Web development. It is divided into three parts: Model, View, and Controller. The Model layer handles data, the View layer handles display, and the Controller layer handles business logic.

Without framework development, we can implement the MVC pattern through PHP's native functions and syntax.

1. Model layer

The Model layer mainly handles data services, usually including database operations, file operations, data calculations and other functions. We can encapsulate these functions in a separate PHP file and name it "model.php".

In model.php, we can define a class to manage all data operations. For example:

class Model { private $db; public function __construct() { $this->db = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test", "root", ""); } public function getAll() { $sql = "SELECT * FROM `users` ORDER BY `id` DESC"; $stmt = $this->db->query($sql); return $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); } public function getById($id) { $sql = "SELECT * FROM `users` WHERE `id` = ?"; $stmt = $this->db->prepare($sql); $stmt->execute([$id]); return $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); } // ...其他数据库操作方法 }

In the above code, we define a Model class, which is mainly used to manage interaction with the database. Through the constructor, we create a PDO database connection and save it in the private property $db. Next, we defined some methods to operate the database, such as getAll() and getById(), which are used to obtain all users and obtain user information based on ID respectively.

2. View layer

The View layer is mainly responsible for the page display function, usually including HTML, CSS, JS and other front-end technologies. We can write HTML code directly in the PHP file and perform certain processing combined with PHP syntax.

For example, we can define the HTML code in a separate PHP file as follows:

      
  
用户信息
 
 
 
 
ID
 
姓名
 
性别
 
年龄
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  

In the above code, we define an HTML page and use PHP's syntax to process tabular data. Among them, $users is the data passed in from the Controller layer.

3. Controller layer

The Controller layer is mainly the business logic layer, responsible for processing request parameters, calling the Model layer to obtain data, calling the View layer to present data and other functions.

For example, we can implement the Controller layer in a separate PHP file as follows:

getAll(); include "view.php";

In the above code, we first introduced the model.php file and created A Model object. Next, we called the getAll() method of the Model object to obtain all user information. Finally, we introduced the view.php file and passed $users to the View layer for page rendering.

2. Implement the routing function without a framework

In web development, the routing function is very important and is mainly used to handle different request URLs. Usually, we can use frameworks to implement routing functions, such as Laravel, ThinkPHP, etc. However, without framework development, we can directly use PHP's native syntax to implement the routing function.

For example, we can implement the routing function in a separate PHP file, as shown below:

        

         Copy after login
        
       

In the above code, we first obtain the URL path of the current request, and determine Different URL paths to perform different operations. For example, if the current path is /, print "Welcome to the homepage!"; if the current path is /about, print "Welcome to the about us page!"; if the current path is /product, print "Welcome to the product page!" "; otherwise, print "404 Not Found".

Summary:

Without a framework, we can use PHP's native syntax and functions to implement common Web development needs such as MVC mode and routing functions.

Although this method requires us to write a lot of code manually, it can also provide a deeper understanding of the nature of Web development and improve the technical level. At the same time, this method can also reduce the performance loss caused by the framework and improve the response speed of the program.

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