Hidden functions of Golang worth mastering by developers

Go language (Golang) is a modern programming language. Its emergence has brought many excellent programming tools and frameworks to developers, including: efficient compilation speed, powerful parallel computing capabilities, and low-cost systems. Resource occupancy, ease of maintenance and expansion, etc. In addition to these obvious advantages, the Go language has many hidden features that may not be well known, but they can greatly improve development efficiency and code quality. This article will introduce several hidden features of Golang that are worth mastering by developers.

First, zap fast logging library

Logging is a problem that developers often encounter, because unhandled errors and exceptions often appear in production environments. In the Go language, in order to optimize developers' daily development work, Zap can be used to record logs. Zap is a high-performance, structured, hierarchical log library in go.uber.org/zap. It uses an excellent API and extremely fast logging speed, so it will not affect the performance of the system while logging. Zap lets you choose between multiple loggers and log structured log data with ease.

Second, Go’s native HTTP/2

HTTP/2 is the next generation version of the HTTP protocol, which can greatly improve the performance and security of web applications. In the Go language, HTTP/2 is the default protocol for the go http package. Developers can directly use the HTTP/2 protocol to write web applications without any configuration.

Third, Go’s reflection and interface

In the Go language, reflection is a mechanism that allows developers to operate variables without knowing the type at compile time. Through reflection, developers can check the type of a variable, call methods that can be called on it, and even get the values ​​of fields in a structure. Go language interfaces also use the reflection mechanism, which allows developers to use different types to implement the same interface. These advanced techniques can greatly improve code flexibility and reusability.

Fourth, Go’s goroutine

Goroutine is an important feature in the Go language, which makes concurrent programming simple and efficient. Goroutine is a lightweight thread managed by the Go runtime system that runs on different CPUs and can automatically sleep and reawaken during blocking operations. Developers who are accustomed to Java and Python will have a big change when using Goroutine, because in Java and Python, threads are managed by the operating system kernel, while in Go, Goroutine is managed by the Go runtime system.

Fifth, Go’s memory allocation

In the Go language, memory allocation is very efficient. The memory allocator uses a variety of techniques when allocating memory to achieve fast and efficient memory allocation. The most important of these technologies is the memory pool, a data structure that caches a list of allocated memory for reuse. Memory pools can reduce the system overhead of memory allocation and release, thereby improving program performance.

Summary

The Go language has become one of the main languages ​​​​for modern web applications. There are many hidden features that give Go a clear advantage in terms of performance and maintainability. Boldly trying and applying these hidden functions in projects can effectively improve development efficiency and code quality.

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