How to set and manage passwords in oracle

Oracle database is a relational database management system that is currently widely used and is widely used in many fields such as the Internet, finance, and medical care. Due to the sensitivity of data, security has always been an aspect that database administrators and users attach great importance to, and the setting and management of passwords is a basic measure to ensure database security.

How to set and manage passwords in Oracle database?

1. Password policy

Password policy is a necessary measure for password security management. It is a password combination, length and other rules stipulated to ensure security, which can effectively prevent some simple , commonly used passwords. Oracle database provides a default password policy, which can be modified according to the actual situation.

In Oracle 11g and later versions, the password policy needs to be enabled in the database instance before it can be set for each database user. It can be set through the following two parameters:

PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME: Indicates the validity period of the password. After the validity period, the user needs to change the password again. You can set it to UNLIMITED to be permanently valid. The default is 180 days.

PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME: Indicates that a password that has been used by a user within a period of time cannot be used again. The default is UNLIMITED, which means it can be reused an unlimited number of times.

2. Password setting

In the Oracle database, you can use the following command to set the password:

ALTER USER username IDENTIFIED BY password;

Among them, username is the user name that needs to be modified, and password is the new password. This command can be used directly in SQLPLUS or modified through other database management tools.

When setting the password, you can restrict it according to the security policy, such as requiring that the password must contain special characters, uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, etc.

3. Password Management

Generally speaking, database administrators need to review and modify the passwords of database users regularly to ensure the security of the database. It can be managed through the following means:

3.1 Modify the password regularly

Within the validity period of the password setting, it is recommended that users be required to modify their passwords regularly, and users can be reminded to modify them through system notifications or other means. This can effectively prevent user passwords from being leaked or guessed by others.

3.2 Forced password change

When security problems are discovered or users are used to too fixed passwords, users can be directly forced to change their passwords.

3.3 User lock

When a user fails to log in multiple times in a row, it may indicate that someone is trying to perform a brute force crack. At this time, the user can be automatically or manually locked to prevent his or her password from being guessed. .

4. Summary

In database management, password setting and management is an aspect that cannot be ignored. By setting reasonable password policies, optimizing password combinations, regularly modifying passwords, and managing user passwords in a timely manner, database security can be effectively improved. The password setting and management functions provided by the Oracle database provide database administrators with more protection and management methods.

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