How to use Golang for video conversion

In today's digital world, video has become an essential part of our lives. Whether it’s sharing family or vacation videos on social media or showing training videos within your company, video has become the primary way we deliver our messages. As more and more video content is created and published, video conversion technology has become an extremely important technology.

As an efficient programming language, Golang has many advantages. The most important of them is that it has fast compilation speed and can handle highly concurrent numerical calculations. This makes Golang an ideal language for working with video conversion technology.

The following will introduce how to use Golang for video conversion.

First, we need to install ffmpeg. ffmpeg is an efficient open source video conversion tool. You can find and install ffmpeg in the operating system software library, or go to the official website to download it. The official website address is ffmpeg.org.

After installing ffmpeg, we need to use Golang’s os/exec package to call ffmpeg for video conversion. The following is a simple Golang program that can convert mp4 format video to avi format:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("ffmpeg", "-i","input.mp4", "output.avi")

    err := cmd.Run()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
}

In this code, we use the Command function in the exec package to create a cmd object. Then we pass in the ffmpeg command and set the parameters. In this example, we convert the video in mp4 format to avi format.

We can use other commands to complete the conversion of different formats, such as converting a video to gif format:

cmd := exec.Command("ffmpeg", "-i", "input.mp4", "-vf", "scale=450:-1", "-r", "10", "output.gif")

We can also use json to parse the video metadata and analyze it according to the video resolution and bits rate to choose the best conversion option.

func getBestOutputOption(metadata string) string {
    type Format struct {
        Filename string `json:"filename"`
        Format_name string `json:"format_name"`
        Duration string `json:"duration"`
    }
    type Streams struct {
        Width int `json:"width"`
        Height int `json:"height"`
        Bitrate int `json:"bitrate"`
    }
    type Data struct {
        Format Format  `json:"format"`
        Streams []Streams `json:"streams"`
    }
    var jsonData Data
    _ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(metadata), &jsonData)
    width := jsonData.Streams[0].Width
    height := jsonData.Streams[0].Height
    bitrate := jsonData.Streams[0].Bitrate
    fmt.Println("Width :",width," Height :", height, " Bitrate :", bitrate)
    if width > 1280 || height > 720 {
        return "-vf scale=1280:720"
    }
    return "-c:v libx264"
}

func main() {
    cmd1 := exec.Command("ffprobe", "-v", "quiet","-print_format", "json", "-show_format", "input.mp4")

    metadata, err := cmd1.Output()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }

    outputOpt := getBestOutputOption(string(metadata))
    cmd2 := exec.Command("ffmpeg","-i", "input.mp4", outputOpt, "output.mkv")

    err = cmd2.Run()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
}

In general, using Golang for video conversion is very convenient and efficient. And Golang is suitable for most video conversion tasks and is easier to maintain and optimize. I believe Golang will become one of the important tools for using video conversion technology.

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