Git modification history methods and precautions

Git is a very popular distributed version control tool. It can help us manage the modification history of the code and help us collaborate to develop and maintain the code.

In the process of using Git for development, we often need to modify the history of the code, such as modifying submission information, merging branches, etc. This article will introduce the methods and precautions for Git modification history.

1. Modify the latest submitted information

When using Git for development, you need to write the submission information every time you submit the code. However, sometimes there may be errors or missing information due to various reasons, in which case the submission information needs to be modified.

We can use the Git command git commit --amend to modify the latest commit information. The specific operations are as follows:

1. Enter the git warehouse directory where the code is located in the terminal and execute the following command:

git commit --amend

2. Modify the submission information in the text editor. Please note that it is best not to modify the content of submitted files.
3. Save the modified submission information and exit.

At this time, our most recently submitted information has been modified.

2. Modify the information of a certain submission in the history record

Sometimes it may be necessary to modify the information of a certain submission in the history record, such as to better record the update history, or to avoid Misunderstandings and other reasons. The specific operation is as follows:

1. Enter the git warehouse directory where the code is located in the terminal and execute the following command:

git rebase -i HEAD~n

where n represents the number of commits before the commit you need to modify. , for example, n=5 means you need to modify the information submitted in the sixth to last submission.

2. git will open a text editor window and display the commit record to be modified. Each commit is preceded by a word that represents a different operation. If you need to modify the information of a submission, please change the word in front of the submission from pick to edit.
3. Save and exit the text editor.
4. Modify submission information. Execute the following command:

git commit --amend

5. Save the modified submission information and exit.
6. Execute git rebase --continue to make the changes take effect. At this point, our submission information has been modified.

3. Merge submission history

The purpose of merging submission history is to make our historical records clearer and avoid too many useless submission records. The specific operations are as follows:

1. Enter the git warehouse directory where the code is located in the terminal and execute the following command:

git rebase -i HEAD~n

where n represents the previous commit of the commit history that you need to merge Number of submissions.

2. git will open a text editor window and display the commit record to be modified. Each commit is preceded by a word that represents a different operation. If you need to merge multiple submissions, you can select the earliest submission, change the pick in front of it to squash, then save and exit.
3. Edit the merged commit comment in the next text editor window, save and exit.
4. Execute the git rebase --continue command to complete the merge of submission history.

Note:

1. When modifying the history of Git, please make sure you are confident enough in your modifications, because modifying the history may affect other people's code. influential.
2. Do not modify the history on a branch that has been pushed to the remote warehouse, because this will force other people's code to be inconsistent with yours.
3. Before operating the command to modify the history record, please be sure to back up important codes to avoid code loss due to misoperation.

Summary

Through this article, we learned how to modify the history of Git. Whether we are modifying the information of the latest commit, modifying the information of a certain commit in the history, or merging the commit history, we need to ensure the correctness and prudence of the operation as much as possible to avoid unnecessary trouble.

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