Detailed explanation of JavaScript array operations_javascript skills-JS Tutorial-php.cn

This article introduces you to the operation of js array in great detail. Friends who are interested should study this article together.

1. Creation of array

var arrayObj = new Array(); //Create an array
var arrayObj = new Array([size]); //Create an array and specify the length. Note that it is not the upper limit, but the length
var arrayObj = new Array([element[, element[, ...[, elementN]]]]); //Create an array and assign value

It should be noted that although the second method creates an array and specifies the length, in fact the array is variable-length in all cases, which means that even if the length is specified to be 5, the elements can still be stored at the specified length. Otherwise, please note: the length will change accordingly.

2. Access to array elements

var testGetArrValue=arrayObj[]; //Get the element value of the array
arrayObj[]= "This is a new value"; //Assign new values to array elements

3. Adding array elements

arrayObj. push([item [item [. . . [itemN ]]]]); // Add one or more new elements to the end of the array and return the new length of the array
arrayObj.unshift([item [item [. . . [itemN ]]]]);// Add one or more new elements to the beginning of the array, the elements in the array are automatically shifted backward, and the new length of the array is returned
arrayObj.splice(insertPos,,[item[, item[, . . . [,itemN]]]]);//Insert one or more new elements into the specified position of the array, and the element at the insertion position will be automatically moved back. return"".

4. Deletion of array elements

arrayObj.pop(); //Remove the last element and return the element value
arrayObj.shift(); //Remove the first element and return the element value. The elements in the array are automatically moved forward
arrayObj.splice(deletePos,deleteCount); //Delete the specified number of deleteCount elements starting from the specified position deletePos, and return the removed elements in array form

5. Interception and merging of arrays

arrayObj.slice(start, [end]); //Return a part of the array in the form of an array. Note that the element corresponding to end is not included. If end is omitted, all elements after start will be copied
arrayObj.concat([item[, item[, . . . [,itemN]]]]); //Concatenate multiple arrays (can also be strings, or a mixture of arrays and strings) into one array, Return the new connected array

6. Copy of array

arrayObj.slice(); //Returns a copy array of the array. Note that it is a new array, not pointing to
arrayObj.concat(); //Return a copy array of the array. Note that it is a new array, not pointing to

7. Sorting of array elements

arrayObj.reverse(); //Reverse the elements (the first to the last, the last to the front) and return the array address
arrayObj.sort(); // Sort the array elements and return the array address

8. Stringification of array elements

arrayObj.join(separator); //Returns a string that connects each element value of the array together, separated by separator.
toLocaleString, toString, valueOf: can be regarded as special usage of join, not commonly used

2. Three attributes of array objects

1. length attribute

The Length attribute represents the length of the array, that is, the number of elements in it. Because the index of an array always starts from 0, the upper and lower limits of an array are: 0 and length-1 respectively. Unlike most other languages, the length property of JavaScript arrays is variable, which requires special attention. When the length attribute is set larger, the state of the entire array does not actually change, only the length attribute becomes larger; when the length attribute is set smaller than the original, the elements in the original array with indexes greater than or equal to length will All values are lost. The following is an example demonstrating changing the length attribute:

var arr=[,,,,,,,,,];
//Defines an array containing numbers
alert(arr.length); //Display the length of the array
arr.length=; //Increase the length of the array
alert(arr.length); //Display that the length of the array has changed to
alert(arr[]); //Display the value of the th element, which is
arr.length=; //Reduce the length of the array to, elements with indexes equal to or exceeding are discarded
alert(arr[]); //Show that the element No. 1 has become "undefined"
arr.length=; //Restore the array length to
alert(arr[]); //Although the length is restored, the element cannot be recovered and "undefined"

is displayed.

From the above code we can clearly see the nature of the length attribute. But the length object can not only be set explicitly, it may also be modified implicitly. You can use an undeclared variable in JavaScript. Similarly, you can also use an undefined array element (referring to an element with an index greater than or equal to length). In this case, the value of the length attribute will be set to the value of the element index used. Add 1. For example, the following code:

var arr=[,,,,,,,,,];
alert(arr.length);
arr[]=;
alert(arr.length);

The code also first defines an array containing 10 numbers. It can be seen from the alert statement that its length is 10. Then the element with index 15 is used and assigned a value of 15, that is, arr[15]=34. At this time, the alert statement is used to output the length of the array, and the result is 16. Regardless, this is a surprising feature for developers accustomed to strongly typed programming. In fact, the initial length of an array created using new Array() is 0. It is the operation of undefined elements that causes the length of the array to change.

As you can see from the above introduction, the length attribute is so magical. You can use it to easily increase or decrease the capacity of the array. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the length attribute will help to use it flexibly during the development process.

2. prototype attribute

Returns a reference to the prototype of the object type. The prototype property is common to object.

objectName.prototype

The objectName parameter is the name of the object object.

Description: Use the prototype attribute to provide a set of basic functions of the object's class. New instances of an object "inherit" the operations assigned to the object's prototype.

For array objects, the following example illustrates the use of the prototype attribute.

Add a method to the array object to return the maximum element value in the array. To accomplish this, declare a function, add it to Array.prototype, and use it.

function array_max()
 {
  var i,
  max = this[];
  for (i = ; i < this.length; i++)
  {
    if (max < this[i])
    max = this[i];
  }
  return max;
}
Array.prototype.max = array_max;
var x = new Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
var y = x.max();

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After this code is executed, y holds the maximum value in the array x, or say 6.

3. constructor attribute

represents a function that creates an object.

object.constructor //object is the name of the object or function.

Description: The constructor property is a member of all objects with prototype. They include all JScript native objects except Global and Math objects. The constructor property holds a reference to the function that constructs a specific object instance.

For example:

x = new String("Hi");
if (x.constructor == String) // 进行处理（条件为真）。
或
function MyFunc {
  // 函数体。
}
y = new MyFunc;

if (y.constructor == MyFunc) // 进行处理（条件为真）

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For arrays:

y = new Array();

The above is the entire description of this article, I hope you all like it.