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How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

Guanhui

Release： 2020-06-02 09:16:40

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How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

Foreword:

In the process of writing code, various errors will inevitably occur, and the code sent out may also be viewed by users. Various errors reported by the device need to be investigated. Understanding the reasons for these errors and the browsers in which they appear can help us find bugs faster. Let’s take a look at the top ten JS errors and how to avoid them.

1. Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property

This error is reported by the Chrome browser. An error will be reported when trying to read the properties of an undefined variable or call the method of an undefined variable. You can easily reproduce this in the Chrome browser.

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

Avoidance method: When taking the attribute value of a variable, make sure that the variable is defined. For example, you can write like this:

foo && foo.bar

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2. TypeError: 'undefined' is not an object (evaluating

The reason for this error is the same as the first one, except that this is Error reported by safari browser. It can be reproduced in safari browser.

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

##3. TypeError: null is not an object (evaluating

This error also comes from Safari for the same reason, except that the variable has changed from undefine to null. So this error will be reported if you call a null attribute or method.

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

4. (unknown): Script error

This one is awesome. Generally, our monitoring system will also receive this kind of error. This type of error only reports a Script error. No specific information is given to you, so it will be difficult to check.

Why is a Script error reported? For security reasons, browsers intentionally hide specific error messages thrown by JS files in other domains to avoid sensitivity The information is inadvertently captured by malicious scripts. In other words, the browser only allows scripts with the same domain name to capture specific error information. This is essentially a browser cross-domain error.

For example, when a website executes a server hosted on js file of a third-party CDN, and if there is an error in this js script, a Script error will be reported instead of useful information.

Solution:

Step 1: Add cross-domain HTTP response header

Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * // 或者是指定网站www.example.com

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Step 2: Add crossorigin="anonymous" attribute

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This is equivalent to telling the browser to use an anonymous method when requesting this scipt file, which means that the request No potential user identity information (such as cookies, HTTP certificates, etc.) is sent to the server during the script.

Note here: Before setting the crossorigin="anonymous" attribute, be sure to ensure that the http response header has been set Access-Control-Allow-Origin:* means cross-domain is allowed. Otherwise, this script tag will not be executed under Firefox.

5. TypeError: Object doesn't support property

This error will be reported in IE. This error will be reported when calling a method that has not been defined.

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

This error It's the same as chrome's "TypeError: 'undefined' is not a function". It's just that different browsers will report different error words.

This kind of error usually occurs on IE that uses namespaces. 99.9% of the time it's because IE can't resolve the correct namespace pointed to by this. For example:

var Person = {
    name : "daisy",
    getName : function() {
        console.log(this.name)
    },
    print: function() {
      this.getName()
    }
};

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For example, in the Person namespace, you can call this.getName() method in print. But it doesn't work in IE, so the namespace must be explicitly stated.

var Person = {
    name : "daisy",
    getName : function() {
        console.log(Person.name)
    },
    print: function() {
      Person.getName()
    }
};

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(Note: Since I don’t have a window computer and I’m too lazy to find ==, I haven’t verified it. According to the translation of the original text, I understand this is the meaning. If you are interested, you can verify it and tell me in the comment area. Conclusion~)

6. TypeError: 'undefined' is not a function

This is the reason mentioned above. Chrome/Firefox calls an undefined method. No need to go into details.

Of course, except for negligence, no one will directly call an undefined method. This is mostly caused by insufficient understanding of this in callback functions or required packages. For example:

function clearBoard(){
  alert("Cleared");
}
document.addEventListener("click", function(){
  this.clearBoard(); // what is “this” ?
});

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In this case, this in the callback function actually points to the document, and the scope of the clearBoard namespace defined in the outer layer is in the window, so "Uncaught TypeError: this.clearBoard" will be reported is not a function". error.

There are many ways to solve the above problem:

1. You can save the outer this, so that self still points to windows.

var self=this;  // save reference to 'this', while it's still this!
document.addEventListener("click", function(){
  self.clearBoard();
});

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2. You can also use bind to change the direction of this.

document.addEventListener("click",this.clearBoard.bind(this));

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7. Uncaught RangeError

This error will appear in many scenarios in Chrome. One of them is to use recursion without using stopping conditions.

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

八、TypeError: Cannot read property ‘length’

这个错误是调用了undefined的length属性，发生在Chrome中。

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

所以我们在取一个变量的length时候，一般都是string或者array，要注意他们是有值的。

九、Uncaught TypeError: Cannot set property

给undefined设置属性的时候会报错。

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

十、ReferenceError: event is not defined

访问一个没有定义或者不在当前作用域的变量会报这个错。

How to avoid the top ten errors in JS

什么时候容易出这个错呢？在事件的回调中，如果要使用event要注意传入event。

document.addEventListener("mousemove", function (event) {
  console.log(event);
})

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因为有些浏览器不会自动帮你传，比如火狐，就会报错。所以最好还是自己传。

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