How to check file format in linux

Common Linux file types include: ordinary files, directories, character device files, block device files, symbolic link files, etc. Below we introduce several ways to view file types in Linux.

How to check the file format in Linux:

1. ls -l or ll (ls -l alias)

# ll anaconda-ks.cfg                       //看第一个字符
-rw-------. 1 root root 2460 6月   1 23:37 anaconda-ks.cfg

2. file command

[root@xiaochen ~]# file anaconda-ks.cfg 
anaconda-ks.cfg: ASCII English text

3. stat command

# stat install.log                //查看文件的详细属性（其中包括文件时间属性）
  File: “install.log”
  Size: 34793           Blocks: 80         IO Block: 4096   一般文件
Device: 802h/2050d      Inode: 65282       Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
Access: 2017-06-05 16:53:20.000000000 +0800
Modify: 2017-04-22 13:49:46.000000000 +0800
Change: 2017-04-22 13:49:52.000000000 +0800

Linux file type:

1. Common file types

The most common file type in Linux, including plain text files (ASCII); binary files (binary); data format files (data); various compressed files .The first attribute is [-].

2. Directory file

is the directory, which can be entered using the # cd command. The first attribute is [d], for example [drwxrwxrwx].

3. Character device or block device file

Block device file: It is an interface device that stores data for system access. Simply put, it is a hard disk. For example, the code of hard disk No. 1 is /dev/hda1 and other files. The first attribute is [b].

Character device file: the interface device of the serial port, such as keyboard, mouse, etc. The first attribute is [c].

4. Socket file

This type of file is usually used in network data connections. A program can be started to listen for client requests, and the client can communicate data through the socket. The first attribute is [s], and this file type is most commonly seen in the /var/run directory.

5. Pipe file

FIFO is also a special file type. Its main purpose is to solve errors caused by multiple programs accessing a file at the same time. FIFO is the abbreviation of first-in-first-out. The first attribute is [p].

6. Link file

is similar to the shortcut under Windows. The first attribute is [l], for example [lrwxrwxrwx].

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