Detailed explanation of Yaconf, a high-performance configuration management extension in PHP

Yaconf is a high-performance configuration management extension. It is an extension application under PHP7 released by PHP core developer Niao Ge Hui Xinchen. The main goal is to simplify reading the project configuration file, separate the configuration file from the project code, and enhance the readability and maintainability of the configuration file.

According to Yaconf developer Hui Xinchen, he said on his blog that this project is a small tool he made in his first optimization project after coming to Weibo. It is called Weibo_Conf. However, Because Weibo_Conf is a Weibo extension, there are some other functions in it that are specially customized for Weibo. Therefore, it is not suitable for direct open source. With the release of PHP7, many new persistence types have been added, such as IS_IMMUTABLE_ARRAY, so it is under PHP7 Yaconf has been redeveloped and made open source for everyone to use.

First of all, let’s talk about what this does:

1. I have seen many projects that use PHP files for configuration. There may be ten files in a config directory. Several or even dozens of .php configuration files contain various arrays, and even some dictionary files (such as Chinese/English comparison) are also placed in the configuration. This leads to the configuration file Parsing consumes a lot of performance (admittedly, using opcache can be better, but in fact there is still an execution process).

2. In addition to PHP, there are also json and yaml , a common feature is that the readability of these configurations is relatively poor. In addition, they also require runtime analysis.

3. # The config directory is often together with the code, which first creates security risks ( There is often sensitive information in the configuration). Secondly, if the configuration and code belong to the same project, this will cause the configuration modification to also go through the code online process.

4. Some resource configuration files, such as The configuration information of mysql/memcache should be transparent to development, and operation and maintenance should be directly responsible. However, if it is put into the code, if operation and maintenance wants to initiate some changes, development and cooperation must be modified to modify the configuration file and go online.

So, Yaconf is a tool created to solve these problems.

1. It uses a separate configuration directory (in yaconf.directory specified), not together with the code.

2. It handles all the configurations to be processed when PHP starts, and then these configurations will reside in the memory, and with the life of PHP Cycle life and death. It avoids parsing the configuration file every time a request is made.

3. All configuration content is immutable, which can reduce memory usage with the help of Fork's COW, and in When accessing the configuration, there is almost no need for any memory copy, and there will be no unnecessary increase or decrease in the reference count

4. The most important thing is that after the configuration directory and code are separated, you can Use a configuration management background to achieve unified management of configuration.

5. It supports (for non-ZTS) reloading of configuration changes, that is, if the configuration changes (recommended Be sure to use mv to change the configuration, do not use cp), it will reload and does not need to be restarted (the frequency of detection is controlled by yaconf.check_delay).

6. It supports a variety of configuration types, includingString, array, section, section inheritance, and you can also write PHP constants and environment variables directly in the configuration.

7. The most important thing is, It's very simple.

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