How to use php unit to test phpunit-PHP Tutorial-php.cn

First of all, we need to understand the concept ofunit testing. Unit testing refers to testing the basic units in the software, such as functions, methods, etc., to check whether their return values or behaviors are as expected, but It is actually very responsible, because it consists of many components and the execution process is coherent. To test unit fragments, you need to provide execution context (or parameters) and environment (such as piling to simulate some objects) for running.

Unit testing of php: phpunit

has detailed tutorials on its official website. Here are some supplementary contents.

First of all, you must understand that the phpunit software itself is implemented by the PHP language. Its use is through the command line, not accessed through the browser.

It is important to understand this. Many newcomers are stuck. here. It is very basic and simple, but it seems that it has not been mentioned much

After downloading from the official website, you will get a phar file. For an introduction to the phar archive file, please refer to the previous article PHP Development Archive Format Phar File Concept and Usage

Please also download the phpunit usage documentation, install it according to the installation method inside, and then enter the following command on the command line:

? phpunit --help

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If help is displayed The message is that the installation is successful. Create a test case as yunke.php in the current directory of the command line. The content is as follows:

assertEquals(0, count($stack)); array_push($stack, 'foo'); $this->assertEquals('foo', $stack[count($stack) - 1]); $this->assertEquals(1, count($stack)); $this->assertEquals('foo', array_pop($stack)); $this->assertEquals(0, count($stack)); } } ?>

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Then enter the following command on the command line:

phpunit yunke

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The following content is displayed:

PHPUnit 5.7.12 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. . 1 / 1 (100%) Time: 159 ms, Memory: 7.00MB OK (1 test, 5 assertions)

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Congratulations, you have successfully run a unit test. The first line is the author information (Sebastian Bergmann, this guy likes to sign)

The second line starts with a period, indicating all tests Successfully passed

You may be wondering, what is going on with the above php code?

That is a test case, which simply tests an array operation. Unit testing generally goes through the following four steps:

1. The test for the production code class Class is written in the class ClassTest.
2. ClassTest (usually) inherits from PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase.
3. Tests are all public methods named test*. You can also use the @test annotation in the method's documentation comment block (docblock) to mark it as a test method.
4. Within the test method, assertion methods like assertEquals() are used to make assertions about the match between the actual value and the expected value.

You may be confused in several places here:

1. PHP can obtain the annotations used in the comment block through reflection, and the program can use the obtained information for configuration
2 . Where does the TestCase class in the test case code in the above column come from? Hasn't it been loaded?
As mentioned above, phpunit itself is written in PHP language and packaged into phar for use. phar is executable. When executing, first execute the stub file stub in the package

You can follow the above Yunke's other phar post introduced the method to extract and restore the phpunit.phar package, or use an IDE like phpstorm to open it directly

In .phar/stub.php you will see the stub code, the TestCase class is The "phpunit yunke" command line code required in the stub code will first run the phpunit script, starting from the stub file, and then phpunit loads the test case code

It can be seen that the program does not start from the test case script The execution has started. Now you understand where the TestCase class comes from.

With the above content and the official website documentation, novices should be able to get started smoothly

I believe it After reading these cases, you have mastered the methods. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!