Regarding the prototype of the subclass = the prototype of the parent class

一个新手
Release: 2017-09-14 11:20:47
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//--- Wrong ---/*Dog.prototype=Animal.prototype;//引用类型赋值,赋的是引用(即内存地址) 引用同一个内存地址 指向同一个对象,可通过任一引用修改该prototype对象 console.log(Dog.prototype.constructor); //Animal Dog.prototype.constructor=Dog; //回复prototype对象的constructor的默认值 指向构造函数 Dog.prototype.goodat=function(){ alert('i am good at protecting'); }; var animalA=new Animal('red','pig'); console.log(animalA.color + ' '+ animalA.name); //red pig animalA.sayHi(); // hi, i am a pig animalA.goodat();// i am good at protecting //创建Dog.prototype.goodat方法时,其实修改的是Animal.protoype对象,子类的原型对象和父类的原型对象为同一对象,子类的原型对象无法独自扩展,扩展属性或方法时,其实修改的是父类的原型对象,所以必须用new 方式创建对象实例,赋值给子类的原型对象(子类的原型对象又是父类的实例对象,这样当子类的实例在它自身和子类的原型对象都找不到方法时,子类的原型对象会向父类的原型对象查找(因为子类的原型对象是父类的实例),这样就形成了原型链)*///--- Right ,but not perfect---/*Dog.prototype=new Animal(); //Dog.prototype对象除了有指向Animal.prototype对象的引用,还多了个属性 type='animal'; console.log('----------------'); console.log(Dog.prototype.constructor); //Animal Dog.prototype.constructor=Dog;//恢复Dog.prototype.constructor的默认值 var dogA=new Dog('black','Buddy'); dogA.sayHi();// i am a buddy Dog.prototype.goodat=function(){ alert('i am good at protecting'); } dogA.goodat(); // i am good at protecting alert(dogA.type); //animal, Dog.prototype.type var animalA=new Animal('green','kitty'); animalA.sayHi(); // i am kitty alert(animalA.goodat); // undefined*///---- Right perfect ----var F=function(){} //一个function对象F.prototype=Animal.prototype; //指向同一个对象 同内存地址Dog.prototype=new F(); // 建立原型链 Dog的实例对象在自身找不到对应属性,会在prototype对象中找,还是找不到则到F.prototype所指向的地址(即Animal.prototype对象)找 (因为Dog.prototype是F类的实例对象)
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