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Detailed explanation of MySQL's replication two-way backup configuration

零下一度

Apr 27, 2017 am 10:00 AM

MySQL的replication双向备份配置，分享如下。

一、设置A服务器

编辑/usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf文件，在mysqld块里添加如下内容：

log-bin=/jongo/mysql/logs/mysql-bin
server-id       = 2
binlog-do-db=bbscs8    这里的binlog-do-db是用来设置可以被slave服务器同步的数据
库名称
binlog-do-db=bdt
binlog-do-db=adsense
binlog-do-db=bdt_bbs
binlog-do-db=bdt_help

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master-host = 192.168.2. 备份192.168.2.7上的数据库，即这台做为备机的需要备份的数据库的主机器地址

master-user = backup 上面机器上设置的，用来同步的用户名胜古迹

master-password = 17buybackup@#$ 要用主服务器上同步过来的数据库的名称

log-slave-updates

grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'192.168.2.%' identified by 'bdtbackup@#$';

给同步添加一个用户

二、设置B服务器

server-id = 1

binlog-do-db= jongo17buy 这里的binlog-do-db是用来设置可以被slave服务器同步的数据

库名称

master-host = 192.168.2.5 备份192.168.2.7上的数据库，即这台做为备机的需要备份的数据库的主机器地址

master-user = backup 上面机器上设置的，用来同步的用户名胜古迹

master-password = bdtbackup@#$ 要用主服务器上同步过来的数据库的名称

grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'192.168.2.%' identified by '17buybackup@#$';

三、两个服务器上

在两个服务器上，将要同步的数据库分别在各的备机手工同步或重新导入一下。

然后，分别启动 mysql> start slave

四、同步监控脚本

mysql_monitor.sh文件
#!/bin/bash
. /root/.bash_profile
. /jongo/shell/contact_config.sh
MYSQL_PASSWD="admin8*"
IO_RUNING=`echo "show slave status \G;" |mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASSWD |grep "Slave_IO_Running" |awk -F ":" &#39;{ print $2 }&#39;`
SQL_RUNING=`echo "show slave status \G;" |mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASSWD |grep "Slave_SQL_Running" |awk -F ":" &#39;{ print $2 }&#39;`
SQL_ERROR=`echo "show slave status \G;" |mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASSWD |grep "Last_SQL_Error" |awk -F ":" &#39;{ print $2 }&#39;`
echo "io_status=\"$IO_RUNING\"" >/jongo/shell/tmp.txt
echo "sql_status=\"$SQL_RUNING\"">>/jongo/shell/tmp.txt
echo "sql_error=\"$SQL_ERROR\"">>/jongo/shell/tmp.txt
. /jongo/shell/tmp.txt
if [ "$io_status" != " Yes" -o "$sql_status" != " Yes" ]
    then
        echo "17buy的mysql数据库的slave(203.156.192.29) 于"`date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%m:%S"`"发生错误：">/jongo/shell/mysql_monitor.log
     echo "请立即检查，谢谢!" >>/jongo/shell/mysql_monitor.log
     echo "slave 服务器的状态如下：">>/jongo/shell/mysql_monitor.log
     echo "show slave status \G;" |mysql -uroot -p$MYSQL_PASSWD >>/jongo/shell/mysql_monitor.log
     for email in $contact_email
      do
        mail -s "mysql slave on 17buy was false" $email /shell/mysql_monitor.log
         done
fi
contact_config.sh文件
contact_email=wayne.wang@jongogroup.com

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五、常见问题

a. 出现Error initializing relay log position: Could not find target log during relay log initialization,Error_code: 1593错误

~ 这个一般是由于在mysql数据库的数据目录下找不到localhost-relay-bin.***文件导致的，可以用类似下列语句来调整：

CHANGE MASTER TO
    ->    MASTER_HOST=&#39;192.168.2.5’,
    ->    MASTER_USER=&#39;backup&#39;,
    ->    MASTER_PASSWORD=&#39;./bdtbackup@#$&#39;,
    ->    MASTER_PORT=3306,
    ->    MASTER_LOG_FILE=&#39;master2-bin.001&#39;,
    ->    MASTER_LOG_POS=4,
    ->    MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10,CHANGE MASTER TO
    ->    RELAY_LOG_FILE=&#39;./slave-relay-bin.006&#39;,
    ->    RELAY_LOG_POS=4025;

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注意：

这里指定的文件路径是绝对路径，如果要用相对路径一定要用./filename形式，否报找不到对应的文件错误；

b. 出现Slave I/O: error connecting to master 'backup@192.168.2.5:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 86400, Error_code: 1045 错误：

出现这个错误可能有：

1）用户的权限不对；

2）主服务器不上连接，如防火墙没有打开相应的端口；

3）从服务器上的RELAY_LOG_POS的值不对，可以用上面的CHANGE MASTER TO语句来调整

c. 同步出错处理

当服务器同步出错了，可以有以下两种方法来处理它：

(a) 如果只是数据更新或者插入错误，而且对将来的影响不是很大，这个数据可以不要时，可以：

stop slave;
SET GLOBAL SQL_SLAVE_SKIP_COUNTER=1:

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将这条出错的查询跳掉就可以了，然后：
start slave; 重启同步过程就可以了

(b) 另外的方法是：当服务器出现严重的问题时可以：
stop slave
然后用其他软件手动同步一下，然后再主机上：

show master status;

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查到master_log_file和master_log_pos，然后再从机器上：

change master to master_log_file=&#39;mysql-bin.000007&#39;,master_log_pos=261836644 ;
start slave

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就有可以同步了

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