Simply make a python background management program-Python Tutorial-php.cn

This article mainly introduces the implementation method of a simple python background management program in detail, which has certain reference value. Interested friends can refer to it

1. Job requirements

## 2. Flow chart

3. Source code and specific ideas

 import shutil
import os
import sys
USER_LOGIN = {&#39;is_login&#39;: False}
def outer(func):     #装饰器,若没有登陆则输出“请登陆”
 def inner(*args, **kwargs):
  if USER_LOGIN[&#39;is_login&#39;]:
   r = func(*args, **kwargs)
   return r
  else:
   print("请登陆")
 return inner
def outer1(func):     #装饰器,若不是管理员则输出“权限不足”
 def inner1(*args, **kwargs):
  if USER_LOGIN[&#39;user_type&#39;] == &#39;2&#39;:
   r = func(*args, **kwargs)
   return r
  else:
   print("不是管理员,权限不足")
 return inner1
@outer
def change_pwd(changed_user, changed_pwd, type_user):   #修改密码
 if type_user == &#39;1&#39;:
  print("欢迎%s修改密码".center(50, &#39;-&#39;) % USER_LOGIN[&#39;current_user&#39;])
  with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;r&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f1, open(&#39;regist_new&#39;, &#39;w&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f2:
   for line in f1:
    read_list = line.strip().split(&#39;|&#39;)
    if read_list[0] == changed_user:
     read_list[1] = changed_pwd
     f2.write(&#39;|&#39;.join(read_list) + &#39;\n&#39;)
     continue
    f2.write(line)
  shutil.move(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;regist_bak&#39;) #把regist文件复制到regist_bak文件中去
  os.rename(&#39;regist_new&#39;, &#39;regist&#39;) #再将regist_new改名为regist 妙妙妙！
 else:
  print("没有权限修改管理员密码")
@outer
def look_information(): #查看本用户信息
 print("欢迎%s查看信息".center(50, &#39;-&#39;) % USER_LOGIN[&#39;current_user&#39;])
 with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;r+&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f:
  for line in f:
   read_list = line.strip().split(&#39;|&#39;)
   if read_list[0] == USER_LOGIN[&#39;current_user&#39;]:
    print("用户名:%s" % read_list[0])
    print("密码:%s" % read_list[1])
    print("邮箱:%s" % read_list[2])
    print("电话:%s" % read_list[3])
def login(user, pwd):   #登陆
 with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;r+&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f:
  for line in f:
   read_list = line.strip().split(&#39;|&#39;)
   if read_list[0] == user and read_list[1] == pwd: #若用户存在
    USER_LOGIN[&#39;is_login&#39;] = True
    USER_LOGIN[&#39;current_user&#39;] = user
    USER_LOGIN[&#39;user_type&#39;] = read_list[-1]
    print("欢迎%s登陆".center(50, &#39;-&#39;) % USER_LOGIN[&#39;current_user&#39;])
    break
 if not USER_LOGIN[&#39;is_login&#39;]: #若用户还没注册
  print("用户不存在，请注册")
def register(reg_user, reg_pwd, reg_email, reg_phone): #注册
 register_list = []
 register_list.append(reg_user) #将用户信息加入列表
 register_list.append(reg_pwd)
 register_list.append(reg_email)
 register_list.append(reg_phone)
 register_list.append(&#39;1&#39;)
 with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;a&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f: #将用户信息写入文件
  li = &#39;|&#39;.join(register_list)
  f.write(li + &#39;\n&#39;)

 print("注册/添加信息:", li)
def delete_func(dele_user, type_user): #删除普通用户
 if type_user == &#39;1&#39;: #若删除的是普通用户
  exit_flag = False
  with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;r+&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f1, open(&#39;regist_new&#39;, &#39;w&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f2:
   for line in f1:
    ret_list = line.strip().split(&#39;|&#39;)
    if ret_list[0] == dele_user:
     exit_flag = True  #标志位原本设为False，当找到相应用户删除后，标志位设为True
     print("普通用户删除成功")
     continue
    f2.write(line)
  shutil.move(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;regist_bak&#39;)
  os.rename(&#39;regist_new&#39;, &#39;regist&#39;)

  if not exit_flag:
   print("要删除普通用户不存在")
 elif type_user == &#39;2&#39;: #若删除的是管理员用户
  print("没有权限删除管理员帐号")
def upper_level(upper_user): #升级为管理员
 with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;r+&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f1, open(&#39;regist_new&#39;, &#39;w&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f2:
  for line in f1:
   li = line.strip().split(&#39;|&#39;)
   if li[0] == upper_user:
    li[-1] = &#39;2&#39;
    print("%s已成为管理员" % upper_user)
    f2.write(&#39;|&#39;.join(li) + &#39;\n&#39;)
    continue
   f2.write(line)
 shutil.move(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;regist_bak&#39;)
 os.rename(&#39;regist_new&#39;, &#39;regist&#39;)
def search(search_info):  #简单搜索
 with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;r+&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f:
  for line in f:
   ret_list = line.strip().split(&#39;|&#39;)
   if search_info in ret_list:
    print(ret_list)
def get_usertype(user):  #通地用户名获得用户类型，返回1或2
 with open(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;r+&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as f:
  for line in f:
   li = line.strip().split(&#39;|&#39;)
   if li[0] == user:
    return li[-1]  #返回帐号的类型 1或2
@outer1
def admin_user():   #管理员调用
 num = input("请选择:1.修改密码;2.查看本用户信息;3.修改普通用户密码;"
    "4.删除/添加普通用户;5.权限管理;6.关键字搜索普通用户信息;7.退出:")
 if num == &#39;1&#39;:
  new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
  change_pwd(new_pwd)
 elif num == &#39;2&#39;:
  look_information()
 elif num == &#39;3&#39;:
  user_changed = input("请输入修改密码的用户名:")
  type_user = get_usertype(user_changed)
  new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
  change_pwd(user_changed, new_pwd, type_user)
 elif num == &#39;4&#39;:
  add_or_dele = input("1.删除普通用户;2.添加普通用户")
  if add_or_dele == &#39;1&#39;:
   delete_username = input("请输入要删除普通用户的用户名:")
   type_user = get_usertype(delete_username)
   delete_func(delete_username, type_user)
  elif add_or_dele == &#39;2&#39;:
   regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
   regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
   regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
   regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
   register(regi_username, regi_pwd, regi_email, regi_phone)
 elif num == &#39;5&#39;:
  upper_user = input("请输入升级为管理员的普通用户名:")
  upper_level(upper_user)

 elif num == &#39;6&#39;:
  search_information = input("请输入要查找的关键字:")
  search(search_information)
 elif num == &#39;7&#39;:
  sys.exit()
def main():
 while True:
  choice = input("请选择:1.登陆;2.注册;3.修改密码;4.查看信息;5.后台管理;6.退出:")
  if choice == &#39;1&#39;:
   username = input("请输入用名名:")
   password = input("请输入密码:")
   login(username, password)
  elif choice == &#39;2&#39;:
   regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
   regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
   regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
   regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
   register(regi_username, regi_pwd,regi_email,regi_phone)
   print("注册成功".center(50, &#39;*&#39;))
  elif choice == &#39;3&#39;:
   new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
   current_user = USER_LOGIN[&#39;current_user&#39;]
   change_pwd(current_user, new_pwd)
   print("修改密码成功,请重新登陆".center(50, &#39;-&#39;))
   sys.exit()
  elif choice == &#39;4&#39;:
   look_information()
  elif choice == &#39;5&#39;:
   admin_user()
  elif choice == &#39;6&#39;:
   sys.exit()
main()

Copy after login

For convenience, I will post the unfolded code

@outer1
def admin_user():   #管理员调用
 num = input("请选择:1.修改密码;2.查看本用户信息;3.修改普通用户密码;"
          "4.删除/添加普通用户;5.权限管理;6.关键字搜索普通用户信息;7.退出:")
 if num == &#39;1&#39;:
  new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
  change_pwd(new_pwd)
 elif num == &#39;2&#39;:
  look_information()
 elif num == &#39;3&#39;:
  user_changed = input("请输入修改密码的用户名:")
  type_user = get_usertype(user_changed)
  new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
  change_pwd(user_changed, new_pwd, type_user)
 elif num == &#39;4&#39;:
  add_or_dele = input("1.删除普通用户;2.添加普通用户")
  if add_or_dele == &#39;1&#39;:
   delete_username = input("请输入要删除普通用户的用户名:")
   type_user = get_usertype(delete_username)
   delete_func(delete_username, type_user)
  elif add_or_dele == &#39;2&#39;:
   regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
   regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
   regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
   regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
   register(regi_username, regi_pwd, regi_email, regi_phone)
 elif num == &#39;5&#39;:
  upper_user = input("请输入升级为管理员的普通用户名:")
  upper_level(upper_user)

 elif num == &#39;6&#39;:
  search_information = input("请输入要查找的关键字:")
  search(search_information)
 elif num == &#39;7&#39;:
  sys.exit()
def main():

 while True:
  choice = input("请选择:1.登陆;2.注册;3.修改密码;4.查看信息;5.后台管理;6.退出:")
  if choice == &#39;1&#39;:
   username = input("请输入用名名:")
   password = input("请输入密码:")
   login(username, password)
  elif choice == &#39;2&#39;:
   regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
   regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
   regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
   regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
   register(regi_username, regi_pwd,regi_email,regi_phone)
   print("注册成功".center(50, &#39;*&#39;))
  elif choice == &#39;3&#39;:
   new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
   current_user = USER_LOGIN[&#39;current_user&#39;]
   change_pwd(current_user, new_pwd)
   print("修改密码成功,请重新登陆".center(50, &#39;-&#39;))
   sys.exit()
  elif choice == &#39;4&#39;:
   look_information()
  elif choice == &#39;5&#39;:
   admin_user()
  elif choice == &#39;6&#39;:
   sys.exit()

main()

Copy after login

4. Summary of pitfalls

1. How to change the password?

I was confused at that time. Because if you use f.write(xx), it will be written directly at the end of the file. So I thought, okay, just write it at the end.

But if the record of the changed password is added to the last line, how can I delete the original one? One more problem.

In other words, what should I do if I directly change that line without adding it to the last line?

shutil.move(&#39;regist&#39;, &#39;regist_bak&#39;) 
#把regist文件复制到regist_bak文件中去
os.rename(&#39;regist_new&#39;, &#39;regist&#39;) 
#再将regist_new改名为regist   妙妙妙！

Copy after login

2. How to modify the user user_type (change 1 to 2)

I saw that some blogs have the replace() method.

new_str = line.replace(read_list[1], changed_pwd) I used it at first, but later there was a BUG!
For example:
When the username and password are the same, when the password is changed, the password is also changed. Not only that, using the replace() method, the user name etc. also appear to be modified when changing user_type. At that time I was in trouble again. This unscientific!
Later I looked carefully at the source code of
replace() and found out that I was wrong. You can also look at the Python replace() method

3. After I logged in to the administrator and added a normal user, I found that I could not log in to the administrator again.

So I went back and looked at register(reg_user, reg_pwd, reg_email, reg_phone),

found that I abused global variables

USER_LOGIN[&#39;user_type&#39;] = &#39;1&#39;
register_list.append(USER_LOGIN[&#39;user_type&#39;])

Copy after login

It turns out that I reassigned USER_LOGIN['user_type'] here = '1'

Later, in order to solve this kind of problem, I wrote a get_user_type() method

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