What is the command to start, stop, or restart Apache?
To start, stop or restart Apache, different commands must be used according to the operating system and installation method. 1. Start Apache: On systems using systemctl (such as Ubuntu 16.04), execute sudo systemctl start apache2; on CentOS, sudo systemctl start httpd; the old system uses service commands, such as sudo service apache2 start or sudo service httpd start. 2. Stop Apache: Execute sudo systemctl stop apache2 or sudo systemctl stop httpd when using systemctl; use service to sudo service apache2 stop or sudo service httpd stop to ensure that the current connection is completed and then closed. 3. Restart Apache: Complete restart through sudo systemctl restart apache2 or sudo systemctl restart httpd (CentOS). The old system uses sudo service apache2 restart or sudo service httpd restart, which is suitable for situations where the connection needs to be interrupted and re-established after configuration changes. 4. Overload Apache: If you want to not interrupt the configuration changes of the service application, you can use sudo systemctl reload apache2 or sudo systemctl reload httpd, and sudo service apache2 reload or sudo service httpd reload to avoid affecting ongoing requests. You can easily operate by mastering the init system (systemctl or service) and service name (apache2 or httpd) used by the system.
To start, stop, or restart Apache, you'll typically use commands like systemctl (on modern Linux systems) or service (on older ones). The exact command depends on your operating system and how Apache is installed. Here's a breakdown of the most common commands and when to use them.
How to Start Apache
Starting Apache means launching the web server so it begins handling requests.
-
On systems using
systemctl(like Ubuntu 16.04 or CentOS 7):sudo systemctl start apache2
Or for CentOS:
sudo systemctl start httpd
On older systems using
service:sudo service apache2 start
Or if you're on CentOS/RHEL:
sudo service httpd start
If you get an error, check if there's a configuration issue or another process already using port 80.
Stopping Apache Gracefully
Stopping Apache shuts it down cleanly, letting current connections finish before closing.
Using
systemctl:sudo systemctl stop apache2
Or:
sudo systemctl stop httpd
With
service:sudo service apache2 stop
Or:
sudo service httpd stop
This is useful during maintenance or troubleshooting. Just make sure no critical traffic is expected while Apache is off.
Restarting Apache When Needed
Restarting reloads the server and apply any changes made in the configuration files.
Using
systemctl:sudo systemctl restart apache2
For CentOS:
sudo systemctl restart httpd
With
service:sudo service apache2 restart
Or:
sudo service httpd restart
If you're not sure whether to restart or just reload, keep in mind that restarting fully stops then starts the service, which can briefly interrupt active connections.
Reloading Apache Without Downtime
Sometimes you want to apply config changes without fully restarting Apache — that's where reload comes in handy.
With
systemctl:sudo systemctl reload apache2
Or:
sudo systemctl reload httpd
Using
service:sudo service apache2 reload
Or:
sudo service httpd reload
This is preferred after making changes to .conf files because it doesn't drop ongoing connections.
Basically, the commands vary slightly depending on your OS and init system. Once you know whether your system uses systemctl or service , and whether the service name is apache2 or httpd , it becomes pretty straightforward.
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