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Why is My Entity Framework Async Operation 10x Slower Than Synchronous?
Why is My Entity Framework Async Operation 10x Slower Than Synchronous?

Entity Framework Async Performance Bottleneck
Problem:
Asynchronous Entity Framework database calls exhibit significantly slower performance than their synchronous counterparts, often experiencing a tenfold increase in execution time. Consider this example:
// Retrieve albums
var albums = await this.context.Albums
.Where(x => x.Artist.ID == artist.ID)
.ToListAsync();Root Cause:
This performance issue stems from a flaw in EF 6's asynchronous implementation. When dealing with tables containing binary columns, EF incorrectly employs non-sequential data retrieval (CommandBehavior.Default) instead of the more efficient sequential access (CommandBehavior.SequentialAccess).
Analysis:
- Inefficient Data Retrieval: Non-sequential reads force the database to load the entire row into memory for each record, leading to substantial performance penalties, especially with large binary fields.
- Async Overhead: EF 6's asynchronous mechanisms introduce significant overhead through numerous background tasks and synchronization primitives. This overhead compounds the problem, particularly with large datasets.
Consequences:
- Performance Degradation: The tenfold slowdown highlights the severity of this performance issue.
- Resource Strain: The excessive task creation and synchronization consume considerable system resources, resulting in increased CPU and memory usage.
Resolution:
While future EF versions are expected to address this, a workaround involves manually wrapping the synchronous operation within an asynchronous method using TaskCompletionSource<T>. This bypasses EF's inefficient asynchronous implementation.
Summary:
The performance drop in asynchronous Entity Framework operations isn't inherent to asynchronous programming but a specific bug in EF 6's implementation. Employing a manual asynchronous wrapper effectively mitigates this performance bottleneck and improves application responsiveness.
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