How can I package all my Java project's dependencies into a single JAR file using Maven?

Packaging Dependencies within a Jar Using Maven

When developing a Java application with multiple dependencies, it becomes crucial to manage and include those dependencies efficiently. Maven, a popular build automation tool, provides a solution to this challenge by allowing you to include all your project's dependencies within a single JAR file.

Maven-Assembly Plugin to the Rescue

To achieve this, you can utilize the Maven-Assembly plugin. This plugin comes with a convenient descriptor called "jar-with-dependencies." By utilizing this descriptor, you can instruct Maven to unpack your project's dependency JAR files and incorporate their class files into your own JAR.

Implementing the Solution

To implement this solution, you can incorporate the following snippet into your project's pom.xml file:

<build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
        <configuration>
          <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
          </descriptorRefs>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

How it Works

Once you execute the "package" phase of your build process, the Maven-Assembly plugin will spring into action. It will parse your pom.xml file and identify the "jar-with-dependencies" descriptor. Subsequently, it will proceed to unpack all the dependency JAR files specified in your project's dependencies section.

The plugin then intelligently merges the unpacked class files into your own JAR file. This process eliminates the need for you to manually handle the inclusion of dependencies, ensuring a streamlined and error-free packaging process.

Conclusion

By employing the Maven-Assembly plugin and utilizing the "jar-with-dependencies" descriptor, you can effortlessly include all your project's dependencies within a single JAR file. This method simplifies your deployment process, enhances maintainability, and guarantees the integrity of your application by packaging all the necessary class files together.

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