Database or File System: Which is Best for Storing Thousands of Documents?

Storing Files: Database vs. File System

In the context of storing thousands of documents in varying formats for a Document Management System, the decision between utilizing a database or a file system hinges on several key factors.

Best Storage Approach

For fast retrieval and ease of management, a file system offers advantages over a database:

• Documents can be stored in their original format, eliminating the need for complex data conversions.
• Files are easily accessible and directly retrieved, reducing query times.
• Sharding of directories ensures efficient storage and organization.

Security Considerations

Both approaches have security implications that need to be addressed:

Database:

• Sensitive documents may require additional encryption and access controls.
• Database vulnerabilities could compromise document security.

File System:

• Documents should be stored outside the web server's document root for confidentiality.
• Strict file permissions and access controls are crucial to prevent unauthorized access.

Conclusion

Given the need for fast retrieval and the considerations outlined above, a file system approach is recommended for storing the mentioned documents. Metadata can be stored in a database for efficient document search and retrieval, while ensuring the security of the actual documents through careful file management and permission settings.

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