Why Are My Short Tags () Not Working in PHP 5.3.1 and How Can I Fix Them?

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Short Tags Malfunction in PHP 5.3.1: Resolution and Best Practices

In PHP 5.3.1, short tags denoted by have ceased to function, leaving developers with non-functioning scripts. To resolve this issue, it is crucial to understand the rationale behind this change and explore alternative solutions to ensure PHP code remains functional and portable.

Firstly, it is imperative to note that short tags are discouraged for use in PHP applications. The PHP development team strongly recommends using the full length tags () as they enhance application portability. Short tags may not be permitted on other servers, leading to code breakage.

However, the echo shorthand <= $var ?> remains available and functional regardless of PHP.ini settings. This shorthand can be employed instead of for echo statements.

In cases where enabling short tags is necessary, it can be achieved through various methods:

1. PHP.ini Modification: Set the directive short_open_tag to On in php.ini.
2. Inline Code: Use ini_set("short_open_tag", 1); in the code.
3. .htaccess File: Add the line php_value short_open_tag 1 to the file.

Historically, PHP prior to version 5.3 had short_open_tag enabled by default. However, with the growing prevalence of XML and similar tags, ambiguity arose in code interpretation. To avoid confusion, short tags have been discouraged and disabled by default in PHP 5.3.

Although this change may cause temporary inconvenience, it underscores the importance of adopting best practices to ensure code compatibility and reliability. By adhering to the recommended tag conventions and employing alternative solutions, developers can effectively overcome this issue and maintain their PHP applications' functionality.

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